A recent eighteen-month economic study of the benefits of alternative uses of forest and in Ratanakiri province recommends the exclusion of customary forest land from current and future commercial concessions. The study compares the economic benefits of using forest land in Ratanakiri for the…
Socialist Republic of Viet Nam is undergoing a process of transformation from a centrally planned economy to a market-oriented economy. Based on field surveys and activities carried out in 1994-95, within the framework of the FAO project Agricultural Support Services Programme, this article is…
Indonesia's cocoa output, produced mainly by smallholders on the island of Sulawesi, increased a phenomenal 26 percent a year (average, compounded) between 1980 and 1994. The government's hands-off policy was an important factor in this rapid expansion of output.This case study of…
A recommendation: Indonesia should repeal its export tax on crude palm oil and discontinue buffer stock operations and directed sales from public estates. It is time for Indonesia to complete the evolution from public interventions in the palm oil market to private sector initiative in response…
With the introduction of rural reforms in the early 1980s, China broke with its
collectivist past and began the arduous transition from a centrally planned to a free
market economy. The People’s Communes – the institutional basis of…
Considers the cultural dimension of applying the land information system (LIS) concept to lands held under customary land tenure. The article recognizes that the LIS concept has been developed primarily to serve the needs of countries with a western-style land market where individual land rights…
A large body of literature makes the argument that commercialization of agriculture has mainly negative effects on the employment, incomes, food production and consumption, health, and nutrition of the poor. In Commercialization of Agriculture, Economic Development, and Nutrition, Joachim von…
The purpose of this Act is to prevent danger and damage to the national health and environment due to air pollution, and to manage and preserve properly the atmospheric environment (art. 1). The Minister of Environment shall provide for installation of a network measuring devices, and measure at…
The Law is divided into 8 Chapters: General Provisions (I); Ownership and Right to the Use Land (II); General Plans for the Utilization of Land (III); Protection of Cultivated Land (IV); Land for Construction Purposes (V); Supervision and Examination (VI); Legal Responsibilities (VII);…
These Regulations impose upon local authorities involved in free economic zones the duty: (a) to carry out assessment of the impact on the environment of activities in the zones; (b) improve the zones through land use planning; (c) specify obligations of the contracting parties in economic…
The Regulations aim at standardizing the order of land and real estate market transactions, at reasonably adjusting the benefit from land appreciation and safeguarding the rights and interests of the State. According to article 2, all units and individuals receiving income form the transfer of…