This Decree-Law, consisting of three Chapters and one Annex, establishes the organization and functioning norms of the Ministry of Infrastructure, Territorial Planning and Housing (MIOTH).

The production of commodities such as palm oil and pulpwood is leading to large-scale land use change in the rural tropics to fulfil the demands of the increasing world population and overall living standard. On the one hand, such land use changes provide income to companies, smallholders and government actors. On the other hand, these can lead to land use conflicts and declines in forest cover, biodiversity, carbon stocks, and local food production.

"Green Bonds" emerged as a new form of environmental financing in 2007. While most investors still view them as a niche product in the overall fixed income market, green bonds have grown rapidly to nearly $37 billion in issuance in 2014, with issuers from the World Bank to the State of Massachusetts. This paper examines the current and potential future use of green bonds for financing sustainable land use and conservation projects around the world.

The main question in this research is to what extent agriculture on fragile slopes would become more sustainable if the farmers were given more possibilities for selling their products and acquiring production resources. An empirical study conducted in northern Benin demonstrates that a more accessible market does not lead to substantial increase in soil erosion control measures.

Le présent décret définit l’organisation administrative du territoire et attributions des chefs de circonscription administrative au Burkina Faso. Le territoire national est organisé en circonscriptions administratives que sont: la région; la province; le département.

This Act provides with respect to spatial and land use planning at national, regional and district level in Ghana. It established the Land Use and Spatial Planning Authority and the Land Use and Spatial Planning Development Fund.

In this paper we show how cost-benefit analysis can be used as a decision support mechanism for the location of new (urban) forest land, starting from the multifunctional role of these new forests. We start with a simple presentation of the cost-benefit analysis (CBA) technique. Key features of this evaluation technique are that (i) all - both positive and negative - impacts for all relevant parties (i.e. not only the project promoter) are taken into account and (ii) evaluation occurs on the basis of monetary values.

The Patagonian steppe—a massive rain-shadow on the lee side of the southern Andes—is assumed to have evolved ~15–12 Myr as a consequence of the southern Andean uplift. However, fossil evidence supporting this assumption is limited. Here we quantitatively estimate climatic conditions and plant richness for the interval ~10–6 Myr based on the study and bioclimatic analysis of terrestrially derived spore–pollen assemblages preserved in well-constrained Patagonian marine deposits.

These Regulations amend the Neighbourhood Planning (General) Regulations 2012 so as to, among other things: to prescribe circumstances in which a local planning authority must designate all of the area specified in a neighbourhood area application; insert a new Part 8A which provides for cases where a qualifying body requests the Secretary of State to intervene to decide whether to put a proposal for a neighbourhood development order or plan to referendum.

Fuelwood and charcoal continue to be indispensable in cooking the daily meal for most people in sub-Saharan Africa; in addition, wood as a fuel represents an important source of income. Pressure on forest resources as well as health hazards through indoor air pollution have resulted in more calls for switching to alternative energy sources. Our authors suggest another alternative: improving the existing supply chains.