Agricultural land is one of the most valuable natural resources which can be found in Latvia, since agricultural land has long time served as an important resource of economic activity and food production. Efficient use of this valuable resource depends not only on technologies and knowledge at disposal of farmers but also on regulations concerning the real estate market and taxation of the real estate. Recent changes of the real estate market regulation as concerns agricultural land are analysed in this paper to identify a possible influence on the use of agricultural land.

Solution of ecological problems is an urgent and extremely important task at the present stage of social economic development of Ukraine. Unreasonably high degree of economic (mostly agricultural) reclaiming of area causes spreading and intensification of degradation processes in ecosystems. Conservation of lands, including the one carried out by means of foresting of degraded lands, is the principal way to renature environment. The article concerns an issue of land conservation in the context of ecosystem services of forests.

The main peculiarities of land relations abroad are highlighted in the article. Basic principles of foreign experience of land use regarding market circulation of land, concentration of major land resources by right of ownership as well as the process and ways of reformation of land relations are generalized and systematized. Some peculiarities of lease relations, collection of rents and restrictions on title to land for foreigners are analysed. Some positive aspects are distinguished in order to use them in Ukraine.

In the Western region of Ukraine, melioration is both of economic and social importance. The area of reclaimed lands constitutes 2.2 million ha or 24 % of the total agricultural lands in the region. Thus, melioration is of great importance for social-economic development of agro-industrial complex of the territory. Under conditions of the land reform in Ukraine, reclaimed lands were subjected to sharing and privatization causing a negative impact on efficiency of its utilization and technical conditions of the reclaimed land infrastructure.

The article describes aspects of maximum application of economic potential of land resources as an economic category for territorial organization of production. The author has analysed indicators of estimation of efficiency of economic potential of land resources on the territory of the region, where volume of gross output of agricultural production is considered a principal one.

Men and women interact with water resources and landscapes in different ways, and there are frequent criticisms that little research is undertaken across disciplines to address this issue. Biophysical scientists in particular struggle with how to integrate “gendered” water uses into models that are necessarily based on prevailing laws and equations that describe the movement of water through the hydrological cycle, independent of social constructs.

This article analyses the current situation in land relations in Ukraine, when tenants of land plots on which they are located real estate, not selling all property, but only its part. Thus there is a contradiction. On the land, which is leased by a natural or legal person, with buildings or structures, who do not belong to him (the lessee of the land), and the other person or entity. In the solution of this conflict in accordance with existing procedures in Ukraine interested parties spent a lot of time.

In the article the basic problems of ecological land management in agricultural sector are viewed. The ecological and economic analysis of land use in agroindustrial production is carried out.

The article presents the Lithuanian forest land change in the period of more than a hundred years. The causes leading to forest land use change are analysed in the article. The beginning of forestry in Lithuania can be traced back to Sigismund Augustus times starting from 1557, when Wallach reform was launched. However, over time forest land and its use evolved for a variety of political, social and economic factors. In 1795 the state-owned forests in Lithuania amounted to 35% of the total area of forests; other forests were owned by landlords, churches and kulak farms.

Land degradation is a topical issue not only in Latvia, but also in Europe. Even the real estate additional tax rate of 1.5% does not prevent agricultural land from overgrowing, and there is no other legal mechanism to control it. One of the mechanisms of prevention of land degradation process is reconstruction of drainage systems, change of worthless agricultural land (less than 25 points) to forest land or improvement and return of agricultural land (more than 25 points) to economic production.

The article presents the conceptual approaches to the development of the master's program ''Land resource management '' in National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University. Marked conditions, labour market, issues, resources and perspectives of development direction. Great attention is paid to the formation of new ''growth points'' in the common European Higher Education Area, improving the management of universities, development of new skills among managers and teachers, leading to an increase in the level of education and implementation of Bologna agreements.

Justify the need for the activities of consulting organizations providing information services on the land legislation, the implementation of civil-legal agreements, land assessment, taxation, lease of agricultural producers and citizens of practical assistance in writing business plans and other services on land. The agrarian sector of Ukraine's economy is one of the dominant components of the formation of food security and food self-sufficiency, which forms 17% of the gross domestic product and about 60% of the fund of consumption.