This paper provides the methodology and results of a cross-scale diagnostic performance assessment program of the irrigation water management in the old lands of the Nile Delta of Egypt. The analysis was done at three levels; main canal level, branch canals level and on-farm level of the Meet Yazid command (82,740 ha) for the year 2008-2009 to highlight areas for improvement. At the main canal level the annual average percentage of irrigation water returning to drains and groundwater was 53% of the total water supplied.

Farmers in rural Ethiopia live in a climate-related shock-prone environment. The major source of climate shock is the persistent variation in the amount and distribution of rainfall. The dependence on unreliable rainfall increases farmers? vulnerability to shocks while also constraining farmers? decisions to use yieldenhancing modern inputs, exacerbating the vulnerability of households to poverty and food insecurity. As a response, the Government of Ethiopia has embarked on massive investment in low-cost agricultural water management technologies (AWMTs).

In Sub-Saharan Africa, there is paucity of information on the potential of groundwater resources. The limited available information paints a pessimistic view about groundwater resources. Due to its perceived inadequate availability, groundwater associated with domestic use and the potential for using it for agriculture are not well reflected in the national irrigation polices. Contrary to official pessimism, farmers do use groundwater for agriculture in many countries of Sub-Saharan Africa including Ghana.

The project will identify socially acceptable land and water governance options and identify their livelihoods, health and environmental impacts, including spatial and temporal trade-offs at the watershed level.

Ethiopia?s economy and majority of the people?s livelihoods are dependent on agriculture. To develop the socioeconomy of Ethiopia and eradicate poverty, the policy and interventions should focus on agriculture as an entry point. In line with this, the government, bilateral and multilateral donors, NGOs and various institutions share the concepts and priorities identified in the ?Plan for Accelerated and Sustained Development to End Poverty (PASDEP).?

This book is about sustainable land management, the development of water buffers and the business case underneath it. It is part of the discussion on the green economy: investment in natural resource management makes business sense. This also applies for investment in land, water and vegetative cover. Some of the parameters may be different – returns may not always be immediate – but essentially both the financial payback and the economic dividend of investing in integrated landscapes – if done properly – are rewarding.

In de periode april-augustus 2010 zijn opnieuw steekmuggen gemonitord in de waterbergingsgebieden Peize en Roden-Norg. De steekmuglarven en -poppen zijn op in totaal achttien bemonsteringslocaties en de volwassen steekmuggen op acht locaties in het buitengebied en op acht locaties nabij bewoning, gevolgd. De monitoringsresultaten lieten zien dat er in 2010 geen sprake is geweest van het optreden van overlast van steekmuggen. 2010 was een slecht steekmuggenjaar. Larven en poppen van huis-steekmuggen zijn in tijdelijke wateren, zoals droogvallende greppels, aangetroffen.

The study was conducted in El-Serw (New Alexandria) located about 32 km south of Damietta, Damietta Governorate, El-Manzala Lake is to the east, Dakahlia Governorate lies to the south, and to the west are El-Sharqawia canal and the Nile River.
The selected site has the general characteristics of marginal lands:
• Drainage system problems;
• High water table;
• Increased soil salinity;
• Seawater intrusion;
• Pollution due to extensive use of chemicals; low water quality;
• Available water increases relatively in winter;