Most reports on refugees deal with the
immediate needs of displaced people. This paper seeks to go
beyond the emergency phase and explore the challenges
surrounding protracted refugee situations. The paper
examines the refugee situation in Sub-Saharan Africa from a
long-term angle, from the perspective of refugees own agency
as well as from the perspective of the host community. The
paper aims to shed light on the economic lives of refugees

En la región del Delta de Paraná se ubica la cuenca forestal más importante del cultivo de salicáceas de Argentina (Borodowski et al., 2014), con 83.370 hectáreas de sauce y álamos y 250 de mimbre (DF-Minagri, 2012). Hasta hace una década atrás, según datos de la SAGPyA (1999), las unidades familiares con superficies menores a las 200 hectáreas representaban el 92% del total de las explotaciones, y dedicaban el 78 % de su predio a la actividad forestal.

Bulgaria experienced strong economic
growth prior to and shortly after joining the European Union
(EU) in 2007. Under the better regulation program, the
government adopted over 100 measures to reduce the
regulatory and administrative burden, but no formal
mechanism was introduced to regularly monitor and review its
implementation at the national or municipal level. Some
areas, in which entrepreneurs expected to see improved

This Law consisting of 5 articles aims at regulating the ownership of agricultural lands and orchards excluded from the previous settlement acts or still not settled within and out the boundaries of the Municipality of Baghdad. This in view of the urban development that has occurred on many agricultural lands that became not suitable for agricultural exploitation.

In this publication, the issue of tenure security is addressed and assessed in several countries where government, civil society, the private sector and development cooperation initiatives have been implemented for decades. The selected case studies from fifteen countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America ensure not only a eographic balance but they also represent countries with different socio-economic and land-related histories and that have followed different pathways. The studies’ key findings underline the still precarious state of tenure security in many countries.

This edition of the Land Tenure Journal features a selection of articles from Central and Eastern Europe to Francophone and Anglophone West Africa, through East Africa and back to Northern Europe. The focus of the topics spans land consolidation approaches in Europe, experiences of land colonization and an overview of tenure reforms in Burkina Faso, post-conflict land policy in Liberia, land reform in Malawi, and community commons in Norway.

ABSTRACTED FROM INTRODUCTION: 

At the beginning of this textbook, the authors would like to make two suggestions about how to approach the study of property law.

The World Bank Group’s investment climate project conducted a survey of foreign investors in the Kyrgyz Republic - both those currently operating and those that have terminated their operations for various reasons. The purpose of the survey was to assess selected aspects of the investment policy and legal environment in place in the Kyrgyz Republic, so as to determine whether the current regulations are investment-conducive or otherwise.

This Act establishes the Register of Foreign Ownership of Water or Agricultural Land. It specifies the following: The first register is the Register of Foreign Ownership of Agricultural Land, which contains: a) information the Commissioner obtains about foreign persons’ holdings of agricultural land; and b) published statistics derived from that information. Foreign persons must give notice to the Commissioner of: a) their holdings of agricultural land as at the start of 1 July 2015; and b) later events causing agricultural land to start or cease to be held by foreign persons.

The Country Partnership Framework (CPF)
will succeed the Myanmar interim strategy note (FY13-14) and
be the first full country strategy for Myanmar since 1984.
This CPF comes at a time of great opportunity for Myanmar;
over the three year period covered in this CPF, the reforms
initiated in 2011 have the potential to bring Myanmar into a
new era of peace and prosperity. Myanmar s history, ethnic
diversity, and geography combine into a unique set of

Botswana has been one of the worlds
fastest growing economies over the past 50 years, allowing
the country to move from being among the poorest to upper
middle income status - this has had the effect of pulling
the majority of the population out of poverty. While
Botswana is rightly praised for its management of resource
wealth, it is apparent that the high levels of investment by

Myanmar is going through a critical transformation
in its development path - from isolation and
fragmentation to openness and integration; and
from pervasive state control, exclusion, and individual
disengagement, to inclusion, participation,
and empowerment. This dual shift is happening
against a backdrop of broader political reforms that
started in 2011 when a new administration took office.
The country’s transition after the planned elections in
2015 will be a major test of the progress on political