The 2021 Nigeria Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI's Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI's website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles.

The central delta of the Niger is characterized by the coexistence of various production systems sharing water
and land as common elements. These systems have long interacted, complementing and substituting one another through efficient socio-spatial organization. However,
several factors have led to the emergence of challenges between users of natural resources, especially farmers and herders. This makes the central delta of the Niger one of
the Sahelian regions where conflicts have taken alarming proportions.

This study examines the evolution of public policy and institutions shaping the agrifood systems in Haryana, India, from 1850 to the present. Public policy is conceptualized as representing state intent (Narain 2018; Dye 2002); in the context of this study, this includes a historical review of public policy spanning the colonial as well as postcolonial eras. Institutions are conceptualized as regularized practices, norms, and codes of conduct that structure repeated human interactions (North 1990).

Global population growth will require a 50% increase in food production by 2050. However, the current food system that promotes productivity and competitiveness has failed to provide nutritious food for all and contributes to environmental (gas emissions, pollution) and natural resources degradation (overexploitation).

Climate change education plays a vital role in addressing the climate crisis (Vaughter, 2016). By incorporating climate knowledge products into the curriculum, enhancing the capacity of staff to teach the subject, improving teaching infrastructure, and providing necessary financial support, educational institutions can contribute to nurturing a knowledgeable and future-oriented workforce.

Nexus SAMs aims to improve the quality and standardize the construction process of SAMs using a standard toolkit that enables tracing data sources and assumptions. The unified structure of nexus SAMs allows for more robust cross-country comparisons of economies, especially the sectoral composition, allocation of government spending and trade orientation.

This scoping study documents climate-smart agriculture efforts in Ghana, their scalability, and potential resilience impacts. The work fills the gap in CSA use evidence and provides a methodological approach for mapping and evaluating its feasibility. The results provide insights and evidence to support policy formulation, agenda setting and strategy development. As the saying goes, "You can't manage what you can't measure" the paucity of data and evidence on the key aspects of where, when, what, by who on CSA usage hampers implementation.

Development efforts have increased women's perceived empowerment and freedom, yet have failed to sustainably alter gender norms. There is a lack of research investigating reasons for this anomaly. This study, departing from the conventional approach, tries to fill this gap by employing an interpretative phenomenological approach to assess how women have managed to achieve expanded agency while living within a constraining normative environment.

The World Food Programme (WFP) supports communities to mitigate the impact of and build resilience to natural and human-made shocks and stressors that contribute to food insecurity and destabilize people’s livelihoods. WFP’s interventions, therefore, aim to equip communities with the knowledge, skills, and tools to avert or mitigate the impact of cyclical natural events such as droughts and floods through asset and capacity building in affected communities.

Vietnam is among the few countries worldwide that have experienced a net increase in forest cover in the past decades. Widespread tree planting efforts have provided important income sources for local communities, including ethnic minority groups. However, the emphasis has been on monocrop plantations of exotic tree species, which has yielded limited ecosystem service benefits such as biodiversity conservation and watershed protection.

Inclusive co-design of system innovations incorporates diverse perspectives and bodies of knowledge that can generate solutions that fit well in a local context and over time influence the socio-technical regime. In operationalizing system transformation-oriented co-design processes, research and development actors have experimented in recent decades with the role of multistakeholder approaches. A specific application of such approaches in the agrifood system context are Agricultural Innovation Platforms (AIPs).

The agricultural transformation of Brazil through soybean intensification in the Cerrado biome is the closest model that Africa could follow, given the similarities in land mass, shared biophysical constraints (especially soil), ecological diversity and low population density11. However, a single integrated market and regulatory environment must be created, and African scientists must lead the scientific innovation in Africa.