En Guinée, l’un des pays les plus pauvres du monde, l’exploitation de la bauxite est en plein essor. Depuis 2015, le gouvernement du président Alpha Condé a fait de la Guinée l’un des principaux exportateurs mondiaux, et le plus grand exportateur de ce minerai vers la Chine, le premier producteur mondial d’aluminium. La bauxite de Guinée représente désormais une large part de l’aluminium produit à l’échelle internationale et destiné aux pièces automobiles et aéronautiques ainsi qu’aux produits de consommation comme les canettes et le papier d’aluminium.

This guide is directed at governments and companies seeking information on implementing FPIC principles in investment operations to safeguard the land rights of project-affected communities. It describes the key elements of FPIC, details steps that need to take place to ensure compliance with FPIC and lists additional resources that business enterprises can consult for further guidance on how to adhere to the principles of FPIC.

This primer provides guidance for companies who seek to ensure that risks for project-affected communities are minimised, especially for women, who can be more vulnerable than men when it comes to land tenure. It provides step by step requirements to ensure that women as well as men are aware of and benefit from a proposed land transaction. For each step, the primer includes a checklist of questions to help guide the work and a list of resources where more detailed information can be found.

This Primer provides practical guidance for companies on how to design, implement, manage, and monitor a company-based grievance mechanism. It is divided into the three main sections and associated steps:

• how to design and implement a company-based grievance mechanism,

• how to create procedures for receiving, investigating, and responding to complaints, and

• how to create procedures for monitoring and evaluating the grievance mechanism.

Documento preliminar: Plaguicidas altamente tóxicos en Bolivia
Roberto Bascopé Zanabria [1]; Ulrike Bickel [2]; Johanna Jacobi [3] y Freddy Delgado [4]
 
Incremento del uso de plaguicidas en Bolivia
La importación tanto que el uso de plaguicidas (insecticidas, herbicidas y fungicidas) en Bolivia se incrementó entre 2005 y 2016 en 400%, pasando de 10 mil toneladas a más de 40 mil toneladas importadas anualmente en promedio. (IBCE, Boletín Bimensual Nº 592, 2017)

Ce profil pays présente les données de la Land Matrix pour République Démocratique du Congo et inclut les acquisitions de terres à grande échellequi:

• consistent en des transferts du droit d’exploitation ou de contrôle des terres au moyen bail ou de la concession;

• couvrent des surfaces de 200 hectares ou plus;

• ont été initiées depuis l’année 2000;

• impliquent une conversion potentielle des terres (souvent de pâturages extensifs et de services écosystémiques vers un usage agricole);

L’homme à travers ses actions dénature fortement l’occupation des sols engendrant une modification du milieu naturel. Cet impact rend la nécessité de fournir aux décideurs des cartes d’occupations des sols et des informations relatives à leur état et dynamique. C’est dans cette optique qu’une étude de l’occupation des sols a été conduite dans les carrières de phosphates au sud-est du Togo. Cette recherche vise à analyser la dynamique spatiale de l’occupation du sol dans ces carrières.

Land transformation has been at the centre of the economic growth of post-colonial Asia. In the 1990s, many Asian countries embraced economic liberalization and speculative business interests in land began to replace the state’s control of land for developmental purposes. The growing demand for land by corporations and private investors has fuelled several regional land rush waves in Asia, bringing them directly in conflict with communities that require these lands for their occupations and survival.

Successive governments in India have emphasized the need for industrial expansion and privatization as the foundation for economic stability and growth. This focus has led to the policy-induced transformation of rural and peri-urban landscapes into use for industry and infrastructure. These transformations have caused social conflicts and ecological impacts for land and resource-dependent people.

‘Voices from the mine’ is a new 33-minute documentary film by University of Bath researcher, Dr Roy Maconachie. It focuses on resource governance in Sierra Leone's artisanal diamond mining sector, tracing the pathway of diamonds from pit to market, and documenting the stories of different stakeholders along the way. In doing so, the film depicts the challenges of local level governance in the sector, shows why benefits do not accrue to those working at the bottom of the chain, and sheds light on why it is so difficult to formalize artisanal mining.

Date: Mai 2018

Source: UNECA