The ‘WISE-UP to climate’ project aims to demonstrate the value of natural infrastructure as a ‘nature-based solution’ for climate change adaptation and sustainable development. Within the Tana River Basin, both natural and built infrastructure provide livelihood benefits for people. Understanding the interrelationships between the two types of infrastructure is a prerequisite for sustainable water resources development and management. This is particularly true as pressures on water resources intensify and the impacts of climate change increase.

A Land management practice has many forms and the focus of this research is on

traditional land management practices. The main objective of this study was to assess the

role of traditional land management practices in improving cropland productivity in the

study area. The study was mainly focused on describing the soil fertility status between

lands with and without traditional land management practices.12 Soil sample was taken

from farmland with four and above practices and another 12 soil sample from farmland