Natural entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are considered as potential biological control agents against soil-borne insect pests. This study was conducted to determine the impact of land use on the distribution, occurrence and diversity of entomopathogenic nematode community. Isolation of EPNs was done using the baiting technique and application of morphological identification methods revealed presence of the genus Steinernema. Land use intensification negatively affected the occurrence and recovery frequency in soils of Embu and Taita districts.

Records the history of ILCA's involvement in Botswana between 1977 & 1981, w. emphasis on the monitoring of the operational aspects of the Tribal Grazing Land Policy, particularly regarding the implementation of the Second Livestock Development Project, and the monitoring of range, livestock performance, ranch economics, socio-economic activities and the operations of the Nojane ranches; reviews other ILCA activities, particularly research collaboration w. scientists of the Animal Production Research Unit (APRU).

The effect of different types of land management on the soil macrofauna of the savanna has been assesed using the T.S.B.F. method. Macrofauna of the forest and savanna has a high density (4293 and 2830 ind.m(2)) and moderate biomass (13.6 and 15.3 g.m(-2)). Traditional grazing significantly increase earthworm biomass but does not modify biomass (16.8 g.m(-2)) and density (1971 ind.m(-2)). Burning the savanna leads to a momentarily but important disruption of the soil fauna. After 6 months, soil macrofauna has regained its initial level.

This report summarizes over 20 years of research on land use change patterns and processes in case study sites across Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda to provide information on the evolution of livestock in the systems. Many of the case study sites cross-ecological gradients, from the Highlands to the lowland savannas, and offer a glimpse of how the mixed crop–livestock, the agro-pastoral and the pastoral systems have evolved in relation to each other.

This report is based on a case study looking at the change in decentralization laws from the highly decentralized system under 22/1999 to a moderate system under 32/2004. It specifically analyses the implications of such change for local-level forest decision making processes related to forestry, spatial planning, shared revenues and village-level institutions in Luwu Utara district, South Sulawesi province. The research is a continuation of previous ACIAR/CIFOR collaborative research under the theme “Can Decentralization Work for Forests and the Poor?”.

As the problems of impact assessement are rather intractable, a fairly simple dual approach is proposed. First the major components of environmental impact of current agricultural production systems in Africa (i.e. impact of cropping, livestock keeping, fuelwood and timber extraction and burning) are summarised. Second, "danger zones" in which current and future environmental impacts will be most severe and on which ILCA has focused its problem solving-research is identified.