Globally, an estimated 24 percent of the
disease burden (healthy life years lost) and an estimated 23
percent of all deaths (premature mortality) are attributable
to environmental risks (World Health Organization, or WHO
2006). The burden of disease is unequally shared, with the
children and the poor being particularly affected. Among
children between the ages 0 and 14, the proportion of deaths
attributable to environmental risks, such as poor water and

The Government of Uzbekistan is aware
that the irrigation and drainage infrastructure constructed
under the Former Soviet Union - serving some 4.3 million
hectare of cultivable land for agriculture as well as many
villages for drinking water - is in urgent need of repair
and/or rehabilitation. Also, given multiple competing
demands of investment project proposals (as many as 180) on
the nation's limited, annual investment budget

This report is the output of the World
Bank-financed study on Making Trans-port Climate Resilient
for Ethiopia, which is a Sub-Saharan Africa initiative to
respond to the impact of climate changes on road
transport.The climate scenarios The study is based on four
climate scenarios selected by the World Bank to be
consistent with the scenarios used in the study Economics of
Adaptation to Climate Change. The scenarios span from a

This report provides an analysis of the
land and water resources, as required by the World Bank, and
focuses particularly on sea ports and potential tourism. The
analysis identifies shortcomings, challenges, opportunities
and advantages in competitive operations, that would make
the best use of internal resources. The report also looks at
Issues in industrialization and modernization. At present,
the Prime Minister assigned the Ministry of Planning and

Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable
countries in the world to climate risks. Two-thirds of the
nation is less than 5 meters above sea level and is
susceptible to river and rainwater flooding, particularly
during the monsoon. The Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy
and Action Plan (BCCSAP), adopted by the government of
Bangladesh in 2009, seek to guide activities and programs
related to climate change in Bangladesh. Until the past few

Lao PDR has experienced high levels of
economic growth in recent years and the incidence of poverty
has fallen dramatically since the 1990s. Yet, this report
shows that Lao households continue to be highly vulnerable
to regular seasonal fluctuations, as well as agricultural
shocks and natural disasters. The report also highlights the
importance of health shocks, injury and death for household
welfare. Households adopt a variety of strategies to cope

This report is part of a broader global
study, the Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change (EACC),
which has two principal objectives: (a) to develop a global
estimate of adaptation costs for informing international
climate negotiations; and (b) to help decision makers in
developing countries assess the risks posed by climate
change and design national strategies for adapting to it.
The purpose of this study is to assist the Government of

Over the last two decades Samoa has
suffered major damage from two cyclones in 1990-91, minor
damage from a third cyclone in 2004, and an earthquake
tsunami in 2009. Changes in the scale and impact of these
types of natural disasters are likely to be important
consequences of climate change for the country because the
increases in sea level and in average sea surface
temperatures will increase theintensity and damage

Due to climate change and increasing
food prices, emphasis needs to be placed on addressing water
management as a key determinant for agricultural production
and productivity. However, governments and donors have
tended to pay relatively little attention to this area, and
investments remain low. This report, which is based on
economic and sector work carried out in the Water Anchor of
the World Bank, highlights the importance of improving water

This report describes a pilot study of
natural risk hazards in the peri-urban extension areas of
the Dakar Metropolitan Area, Senegal. The area subject of
this study stretches across 580 square kilometers, covering
less than 1 percent of the national territory, but housing
about 50 percent of Senegal's urban population. Much of
the rapid population growth of the Dakar Metropolitan Area
is taking place beyond the boundaries of the Department of

This study provides support to the
Bank's ability to conduct client dialogue on solid
waste management technology selection, and will contribute
to client decision-making. The goal of the study was to
fully explore the use of the United States Environmental
Protection Agency and the Research Triangle Institute
(EPA/RTI) holistic decision model to study alternative solid
waste systems in a wide array of waste management

This study comprises a review of
government post-disaster safety nets as well as those
provided by the private insurance market in four countries
of Central Europe, namely the Czech Republic, Hungary,
Poland, and Slovakia. The study attempts to establish the
extent of financial vulnerability of governments and
households to natural hazards in four countries of Central
Europe by examining: 1) the fiscal policy of four Central