This document presents the recently
elected Colombian administration with a set of policy notes
meant to enrich the debate around critical issues affecting
the country's development. These notes build mostly
upon existing research and represent the Bank's
independent view on topics which are either at the crux of
ongoing policy discussions or merit a more prominent place
in this dialogue. This window of opportunity provides a very

These Guidelines seek to enable wider
and more consistent engagement in the realm of conflict
management within the sector. The objective is to achieve,
as far as possible, negotiated settlements in the resolution
of disputes. The primary aim is to minimize the adversarial
characteristic of conflict in this sector through proactive
communication and open information sharing. These Guidelines
are the first step at an operational level in managing

The authors empirically estimate the
impact of social capital on household welfare in
Bolivia--where they found 67 different types of local
associations. They focus on household memberships in local
associations as being especially relevant to daily decisions
that affect household welfare and consumption. On average,
households belong to 1.4 groups and associations: 62 percent
belong to agrarian syndicates, 16 percent to production

This paper aims to inform Armenia's
policy dialogue on environmental and social issues in the
mining sector. The paper is based on the premise that for
the mining sector to have positive, long-term impacts in
Armenia, it is necessary to take into consideration the
short- and long-term environmental and social impacts of the
sector and to promote strategic planning and efficient
management of natural resources. The mining sector in

El Estado compró 7.500 hectáreas de tierra para entregar a la Comunidad Tava Guaraní. Las tierras siguen siendo propiedad del Estado paraguayo. Por mucho tiempo se planteó combinar la propiedad familiar con la colectiva, propuesta rechazada por el INDERT, principal motivo por el cual no se podía avanzar en la titulación de las mismas. Finalmente el Estado lo aceptó.

El acceso de tierra y territorio para Lomerío remite a un histórico proceso de restitución territorial bajo la forma de propiedad colectiva o Tierra Comunitaria de Origen (TCO), que combina la lucha legal por políticas del Estado con una ardua resistencia y presión política- corporal que se expresa en las largas marchas desde los territorios indígenas hasta el centro del poder político estatal.

Se trata del caso de una comunidad indígena que se organiza para recuperar tierras en manos de terratenientes, basados en sus derechos ancestrales, y el reconocimiento de su territorio.

Executive summary:

Driving Dispossession: The Global Push to “Unlock the Economic Potential of Land,” sounds the alarm on the unprecedented wave of privatization of natural resources that is underway around the world. Through six case studies — Ukraine, Zambia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, and Brazil — the report details the myriad ways by which governments — willingly or under the pressure of financial institutions and Western donor agencies — are putting more land into so-called “productive use” in the name of development.

This case study focuses on the capacity of local communities to monitor biodiversity and resources in Madagascar, Nicaragua, Philippines and Tanzania. It makes a controlled comparison between local community monitoring and trained scientists’ monitoring and conclude that local and indigenous communities generate similar and equally good outputs as the trained scientists, and are much more cost efficient. The cases suggest that it is fully possible to build a cheap and effective MRV system based on community monitoring of Non-Carbon Benefits

This paper represents an important
dimension in filling Latin America history's gaps
through the lens of land rights. The continent was populated
by many nations, functioned in harmony with nature, had a
variety of cultures and languages, and, developed many
different socio-economic systems (nationally and locally).
These nations were sovereign and recognized from Alaska to
Patagonia. Indeed, among all of them, we know they had very

Local benefit sharing in hydropower
projects can be defined as the systematic efforts by project
proponents to sustainably benefit local communities affected
by hydropower investments. Benefit sharing is a promising
approach for implementing hydropower projects sustainably,
and is emerging as a supplement to the requirements of
compensation and mitigation. Benefit sharing can provide
equitable development, sustainability, and smooth project