Over the past five years in Turkey, the
agricultural and rural sector has seen substantial change in
transfer policies which now place greater emphasis on
improved equity and investment. These have been summarized
in the earlier World Bank "Review of the Impact of the
Reform of Agricultural Sector Subsidization (2004), and
"Policy and Investment Priorities for Agricultural and
Rural Development" (2005). Currently, the structural

The main objective of this fiscal note
is to assist the Government of Andhra Pradesh (GoAP) in
meeting the challenges mentioned above. To this end, it
provides input into the state's rolling medium-term
fiscal framework exercise. The new Fiscal Responsibility and
Budget Management (FRBM) act requires that the government
will lay out in each financial year a medium-term fiscal
policy statement (together with three-year rolling targets

This report evaluates the legal
framework for rural land rights, the regulations of rural
housing sites, the effects of land requisition on farmers
who lose land, and some selected issues affecting urban land
rights. The focus of this report is how to enhance property
rights in a number of different contexts. The report makes a
series of specific policy recommendations for rural
agricultural land, rural housing land, to protect rights in

The present study reports on the
Government of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau's efforts
to develop a comprehensive strategy for enhancing land
rights security and achieving social and economic
development objectives. This report is divided into two main
parts. The first part summarizes the current state of
development of the government s land policy, as well as the
legal and traditional framework existing for land tenure

This note summarizes the key findings of
the attached consultant report. India is still primarily a
rural, agrarian economy in which land use and land rights
are an emotional issue. Prior to 1990 the presumption was
that only residual land (non agricultural) would be made
available for industrial use and because the state was the
principal industrial investor the state would acquire any
land needed. After 1990 the expectation was that private

The Africa Development Indicators 2007 essay explores the patterns of growth in Sub- Saharan Africa over the past three decades. It finds that the volatility of growth-an outcome of conflict, governance, and world commodity prices-has been greater than in any other region. Volatility has dampened expectations and investments-and has obscured some periods of good performance for some countries. The essay shows that pickups in growth were seldom sustained- indeed, that they were often followed by ferocious declines, and hence, Africa's flat economic performance over 1975-2005.

The report, Land Tenure for Social and
Economic Inclusion in Yemen: Issues and Opportunities was
completed in December 2009. The report addresses the
problems of land ownership in Yemen and the various social
and economic problems associated with the system of land
ownership. Property rights under Yemeni Law are expressed
both in custom and statute, but both are informed by shari a
(Islamic law), which provides the basic property categories

This Regulation establishes the National Planning Council as an autonomous federal government organ. The objective of the Commission shall be to prepare five-year plans of national development in the framework of country wide balanced growth within the context of a long term perspective plan of fifteen years, and conduct periodic evaluation of the implementation of the plans.

This year's edition of the little green data book includes a focus story on oceans and its ecosystem services, as well as estimates of global marine fisheries wealth accounts, a first step in capturing the value of this important resource stock. A new set of ocean-related indicators are also introduced, highlighting the role of oceans in economic development and providing policy makers the information to make better decisions for the sustainable management of oceans.

The primary objective of this report is
to provide a coherent and comprehensive review on integrated
urban water management (IUWM) approach to assist public
authorities to identify and address the future challenges of
urban water supply, sanitation and flood management in
African cities. This report presents the existing and future
challenges in Africa, the possible options for innovative
technologies and approaches for their breakthrough and a way

The main purpose of this paper is to
explain the patterns of access to water supply and
sanitation facilities in urban areas in Sub-Saharan Africa
since the late 90's, and its relation with the
performance of service providers in the case of improved
water supply. It also seeks to explore the institutional
context of the water supply and sanitation sectors. The
paper concludes that services providers in Sub-Saharan

Poor governance and nearly fifteen years
of brutal conflict have made Liberia one of the poorest
countries in the world. An important objective for the
democratically elected government of post-conflict Liberia
is to reduce poverty. As part of its long-term vision plan,
the Government is preparing a second Poverty Reduction
Strategy (PRS) to set out its medium-term approach to
poverty reduction. The current climate of peace and