El Gobierno del Perú está avanzando poco a poco en el proceso de reconocimiento y formalización de los derechos territoriales de los pueblos indígenas de la Amazonía. 

Agricultural GDP in Ethiopia grew at an average 7.3 percent per year between 2001/02 and 2012/13. Most of this dynamism occurred in the highlands, where high population density and land scarcity begs the question of how future agricultural output can be maintained to sustain the previous decade’s momentum. This paper uses a spatial regression approach to calculate the maximum crop area potential of each kebele in Ethiopia. We find that although the highlands have a greater potential for cropped area, there is little room to expand.

For centuries, farmers, herders, fishers and foresters have developed diverse and locally adapted agricultural systems managed with time tested, ingenious techniques. These practices have resulted in a vital combination of social, cultural, ecological and economic services to humankind. “Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems” (GIAHS) are outstanding landscapes of aesthetic beauty that combine agricultural biodiversity, resilient ecosystems and a valuable cultural heritage.

Ce document de travail entend parcourir l’évolution historique et faire un état des lieux des concepts et des outils à la base de l’évaluation des terres et de l’aménagement du territoire pour la gestion des ressources foncières et des paysages, et proposer par là-même des recommandations pour des actions futures.

Type of land use is a territory of land surface according to its natural characteristics and the current economic use of the land. In relation to the changing economic environment, land monitoring institutions are investigating and implementing methods for obtaining new data on land use pattern. With the development of technologies, research on innovative methods of land resource assessment is becoming more and more relevant, which improves and accelerates the process of determining the land use pattern within the territory.

Land resources of Ukraine, having economic, social, natural, cultural and historical significance, mainly are located within rural areas. Despite the fact that Ukraine has a significant land and resource potential of the territories, intensification of the use of land resources, in particular in agriculture, leads to the depletion of soil cover, land degradation and landscape destruction. The environmental policy of Ukraine provides for introduction of the principles of sustainable development in all fields of environmental management.

During the last 50 years the humus content in the arable layer of the soil in the basic agrarian regions of Ukraine (steppe and forest steppe) has diminished by 15−18 %. Optimisation of the structure of land areas and stabilisation of agricultural landscapes should be based on the soil indicators that ensure conservation of land. It has been substantiated that the contour-meliorative system of land use under the conditions of the development of farming enterprises as the main form of the contemporary land system should be modernised.

There is considered a problem of calculating the increase in water availability and productivity of agro-ecosystems through the use of mulching and reduced (minimum) soil tillage as well as predicting the mulching efficiency in various natural conditions. The model of heat-moisture exchange was used in the agro-ecosystems allowing the water balance dynamics in the root zone.

The issue of brownfields and their analysis in Slovakia have not been given such emphasis over the last decade as in the neighbouring EU countries, such as in Austria or in the Czech Republic. The situation is completely different in Bratislava and also in the rest of Slovakia and the development of this type of area is almost unrealized. A frequent argument is problematic ownership relationships to the unused, degraded land. However, the real problem is the higher financial costs associated with brownfields regeneration.

The average land productivity score is about 41.8 in the Republic of Lithuania. However, in separate regions it ranges from 30.5 to 55.1. The research object is agricultural utilities in rural municipalities of the Republic of Lithuania. The analysis of land use plan fragments in the selected areas shows that land is abandoned mostly in land areas where non-productive land or hilly relief prevails. Having improved conditions of land use, about 44 % of abandoned agricultural utilities can be transferred into intensive farming.

Land consolidation and land exchange are two important measures that can be used to improve the spatial structure of farm holdings. Unfortunately, land cannot be consolidated and exchanged in all villages of a given area simultaneously, due to economic, technical, and social considerations. Instead, an analysis has to be carried out, which allows one to rank the villages with regard to how urgently they need consolidation and exchange of land.