The existence of a “young farmer problem” in Europe has been recognized by scientists and policy-makers and is based on the widespread acknowledgement of the poor generational renewal rates in the farming sector and in particular in farmland management across the European Union. Despite existing support policy measures, young farmers (YF) face barriers which hamper the establishment and consolidation of their farming enterprises.

El presente estudio fue realizado durante los meses de noviembre y diciembre de 2018 y se preparó sobre la base de los resultados del trabajo de coordinación, orientación y seguimiento realizado durante los estudios de los siete consultores contratados en común acuerdo entre la COPROFAM,1 cada una de sus organizaciones afiliadas en cada país y el programa FIDA Mercosur CLAEH.

This study examines the effect of land rights on agricultural outcomes in Rwanda. We characterize the effects of land rights from two perspectives. The first one is land rights indicated by the right to sell and guarantee land and the second one is land titling. The agricultural outcomes include agricultural productivity, food security and nutritional diversity. From the results, land rights are found to have a positive relationship with all the outcome variables. The effect of land rights on agricultural productivity is larger if the household head is male.

This chapter illustrates the field summary of the development of agriculture tools or machines used in upstream supply chain of rice and maize in Thailand in chronological order. It also summarizes Thai government policies which affect to the Thai agricultural industries. It also presents the efficiency and value added once one tools have been replaced by another tools. The paper also presents additional information of available high technology tools in agriculture industries such as drone, remote sensing and weather forecast.

DESPOJANDO PARA ALIMENTAR AL GIGANTE:CHINA Y EL AGRONEGOCIO EN CHILE
Alexander Panez Pinto *

Mainland Southeast Asia (MSA) has seen sweeping upland land use changes in the past decades, with transition from primarily subsistence shifting cultivation to annual commodity cropping. This transition holds implications for local upland communities and ecosystems. Due to its particular political regime, Myanmar is at the tail of this development.

Growing numbers of policies and programmes aim to integrate small-scale rural producers into agricultural value chains. But significant questions remain over how best to: recognise the possibly divergent visions, interests and constraints of various actors; address often substantial power imbalances; and ultimately promote agency among rural producers and their communities – that is, their ability to choose, act and influence realities around them.

In summary, China presents a particularly intriguing case for the study of land system dynamics with its spatial patterns of cropland and crops, crop structure and diversity, land transfer and consolidation, and land use intensity changes against the backdrop of its rapid socio-economic transformation, globalization, and environmental challenges. Moreover, after 40 years since the commencement of China’s Economic Reform and the de-collectivization of agriculture, it is a good time to review and reflect how China’s agricultural land systems have been transformed.

Land degradation, particularly soil erosion, is currently a major challenge for Nepal. With a high rate of population growth, subsistence-based rural economy, and increasingly intense rainfall events in the monsoon season, Nepal is prone to several forms of land degradation, such as floods, landslides, and soil erosion.

Long before opening a country office in Santo Domingo in 1979, FAO provided technical and financial assistance to the Dominican Republic to boost development of its agriculture, fisheries and forestry sectors. Over the years, the Organization has implemented a large number of interventions covering a wide range of areas, including food security and nutrition, plant and animal health, sustainable natural resource use, forest management and institutional development.

In January 2019, Uzbekistan started a new farm restructuring1. It is said to seek to optimize the use of farmland by increasing the size of farms producing wheat and cotton, reallocating land to more efficient farmers and even clusters, and improving crop rotation options. This is not the first time that this kind of farm restructuring in Uzbekistan takes place. The country has gone through several waves of farm restructuring and land reallocations. Both these processes were administratively managed, with little reference to market or income generation opportunities.

This study investigates the impact of contract farming (CF) in baby corn production on yield, irrigation costs, fertilizer costs and usage of chemical fertilizer. We find that adoption of CF by baby corn smallholders, after controlling for characteristics of both control and treatment groups, leads to higher yields and lower spending on fertilizers and irrigation. Additionally, CF in baby corn farming leads to a reduction in the use of chemical fertilizers (Urea and DAP).