Urban-rural distinctions are particularly challenging in the context of fast growing cities in the developing world. Through an example of the Indian city of Bangalore, we demonstrate the case for development of more continuous approaches of urban representation that are needed in many parts of the world. Thus even some of the oldest areas in Bangalore, which have been part of an urban center for centuries, exhibit aspects of rurality, as much as other recently developing peri-urban parts of the city.

The developments of reclaimed farmlands were performed actively in Osaka in the Edo era. As a result the vast lands, which amounts to more than 20,000 ha, were produced, and it was happened to exert a great influence on urban development in the last part of the Meiji era. Because they were the reclamation of the shallow water and also, were under development by private capital that was called 'Chonin Ukeoi Shinden', reclaimed farmlands contracted by the trading class, the circumstances may be quite different from those of the inland rural areas.

El propósito de este documento es hacer una reflexión de la planeación urbana y su
pertinencia hacia la innovación y la competitividad en las ciudades, que permita reorientar el objeto de
estudio y recuperar la innovación, competitividad y la responsabilidad social como elementos
centrales de la administración urbana desde el gobierno local; a partir de esta reflexión se identifican
áreas de oportunidad para redireccionar la planeación urbana, hacia una administración de la
competitividad urbana, mediante la innovación.

As the world is urbanizing, many cities
are grappling with a population that is growing rapidly,
thereby increasing demand for land and housing. This
pressure on land and housing markets often is exacerbated by
inappropriate or inadequate policies. The result is a supply
of well-located land and housing that falls well short of
demand and the proliferation of poorly serviced informal
settlements, many of which are located far from jobs, city

Rapid population growth in many
developing countries has raised concerns regarding food
security and household welfare. To understand the
consequences of population growth in a general equilibrium
setting, this paper examines the dynamics of population
density and its impacts on household outcomes. The analysis
uses panel data from Indonesia combined with district-level
demographic data. Historically, Indonesia has adapted to

Le présent décret détermine la procédure de délivrance du permis de construire en République du Bénin, acte par lequel une autorité publique compétente donne une autorisation à un projet de construction conformément aux données techniques, aux dispositions législatives et réglementaires en vigueur en matière d’urbanisme. Le permis de construire consacre le respect à priori des règles d’urbanisme, de construction, d’hygiène, de sécurité incendie et de risques de panique.