Housing is one of the basic needs of humans Families in different countries with various cultures who have different lifestyles respond to their individual needs including physical and mental in a safe place that is called house The world population is increasing day by day In parallel to this population growth housing demand increases rapidly Iran is also a country which has a rapid population growth and has developed a series of policies to solve the housing problems Affordable housing is one of solution for providing the house by governments These type of houses is the ways to answer the

The construction sector of the Kurdistan region of the Republic of Iraq has witnessed a huge development in the construction sector last ten years However there is a lack of awareness and legislation regarding sustainable construction in the buildings sector The aim of the paper is to find the required mechanism to introduce sustainable practice and implement sustainable construction in the buildings construction sector in Northern Iraq The main objectives of this study are identifying the barriers in sustainable construction in Northern Iraq and investigate the law and regulations in deali

The economy can be considered as the transversal component of human activities over territories This fact can be observed from a diachronic perspective the way how architectural typologies arose through history But the relations between Economy and Architecture are not only established by the small scales but the larger ones Cities and territories evolved from compact forms till spread ones in a parallel way to the arousal of the shopping areas Urban sprawl could never be understood without these new typologies The paper is based on the keynote speech was held in the International seminar E

Since the early 1990s, the industrial timber plantation (Hutan Tanaman Industri - HTI) scheme has been intended to serve as a major source of timber to meet domestic and export demand. The need to meet a large gap between legal wood supply and demand for forests products has been the recent years as high as 50 million

The Mekong Region Land Governance (MRLG) project and the Forestry Department of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation (MONREC) co-hosted the “Mekong Region Customary Tenure Workshop” on 7-9 March 2017 in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. This report outlines the main findings of the workshop, illustrated by some statements and case studies as presented by participants.

Tesis (Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales para el Desarrollo con énfasis en Gestión de Recursos Naturales) Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica; Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica; Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Doctorado en Ciencias Naturales para el Desarrollo. 2017

Es indudable que en la actualidad estamos viviendo un fenómeno climático llamado en tiempos modernos como “Cambio Climático”, cuya evidencia científica es irrefutable. Las causas de este fenómeno mundial se atribuyen al aumento exponencial de las concentraciones de emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero en la atmósfera resultantes de las actividades humanas, entre otras, las provenientes del cambio de uso del suelo y por degradación forestal. Los bosques, a más de la prestación de bienes que ofrecen, tienen un rol fundamental en la estabilidad climática global.

El artículo hace un balance sobre los aspectos principales que se deducen del proceso de expansión de la frontera agrícola en la Amazonía ecuatoriana con énfasis en el nororiente en donde se desarrollan actividades de explotación petrolera desde la década de 1960. Tal proceso, al igual que la colonización, junto con el ingreso de las empresas agroindustriales y madereras tuvo como trasfondo el discurso oficial de la “Amazonía como territorio vacío”.

Una población numerosa puede favorecer el crecimiento económico (un bebé puede ser un futuro aportador de impuestos), generar oportunidades para la innovación tecnológica (un bebé puede ser un futuro genio e innovador) y dinamizar la economía (más consumidores y más costos compartidos). Pero esto solo puede ser posible si el tejido social y económico de una sociedad es el propicio. ¿Será el crecimiento poblacional amazónico en Ecuador lo suficientemente elevado para garantizar más pobreza y conflicto social a corto y largo plazo, o será un factor de desarrollo?

Existing approaches and methodologies that investigate effects of land degradation on food security vary greatly. Although a relatively rich body of literature that investigates localized experiences, geophysical and socioeconomic drivers of land degradation, and the costs and benefits of avoiding land degradation already exists, less rigorously explored are the global effects of restoring degraded landscapes.

The results of this study reveal that the full inclusion of crop production in the forest landscape restoration approach could produce largescale,
worldwide benefits for food security and therefore facilitate a wide uptake of restoration practices and the implementation of large
restoration projects. The positive impacts are multifaceted and significant in size: a reduction in malnourished children ranging from three
to six million; a reduced number of people at risk of hunger, estimated to be between 70 and 151 million; reduced pressure for expansion