This Law regulates social relations concerning use of pastures. The principles of use of pastures shall be as follows: (a) efficient and complex management of pastures; (b) protection of pastures and environment; (c) correspondence of national and regional interests; (d) transparency related to the use of pastures; (e) accessibility of pastures to natural and legal persons; and (f) creation of favorable conditions for investments related to improvement of the efficiency of pastures management. All pastures in the Republic of Tajikistan shall be national property.

This article describes a novel index-based livestock insurance (IBLI) product piloted among pastoralists in Northern Kenya, where insurance markets are effectively absent and uninsured risk exposure is a main cause of poverty. We describe the methodology used to design the contract and its underlying index of predicted area-average livestock mortality, established statistically using longitudinal observations of household-level herd mortality fit to remotely sensed vegetation data.

According to the research and follow ups made by Pingo’s Forum and LHRC indicated that, most victims were not trespassers to the land as contented by the Government. The pastoralists including Sukuma, Taturu, hunters and gatherers (Hadzabe) lawfully living within the Conservation Area resisted the government movement to evict them without paying adequate compensation.