Rethinking resilient agriculture: From climate-smart agriculture to vulnerable-smart agriculture
Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is seeking to overcome the food security problem and develop rural livelihoods while minimizing negative impacts on the environment. However, when such synergies exist, the situation of small-scale farmers is often overlooked, and they are unable to implement new practices and technologies. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to improve CSA by adding the neglected but very important element “small-scale farmerâ€, and introduce Vulnerable-Smart Agriculture (VSA) as a complete version of CSA.