Resource information
This report on a key to poverty
reduction in Peru identifies a number of cost-effective
policy interventions that could be adopted in the short and
medium term to support sustainable development goals as the
Government of Peru attempts to combat the problems of
inadequate water supply, sanitation and hygiene; urban air
pollution; natural disasters; lead exposure; indoor air
pollution; land degradation; deforestation; and inadequate
municipal waste collection. The report has 10 chapters.
Chapter I presents an overview of the report. Chapter 2
examines the evolution of Peru's environmental
management framework over the last five decades. The
analysis presented in Chapter 2 finds that the country has
developed a considerable institutional capacity associated
with important achievements in the areas of natural resource
and biodiversity management. Chapter 3 analyzes the cost of
environmental degradation in Peru. The analysis shows that
the environment-related problems with the highest costs are,
in decreasing order, inadequate water supply, sanitation,
and hygiene; urban air pollution; natural disasters; lead
pollution; indoor air pollution; soil degradation;
inadequate municipal waste collection; and deforestation.
Chapter 4 focuses on the health impacts of environmental
degradation on both urban and rural communities. The chapter
estimates the costs and benefits of various interventions to
address waterborne diseases, indoor air pollution, and urban
air pollution in Peru. Chapter 5 discusses problems
associated with natural disasters, particularly floods and
landslides. Chapter 6 analyzes the issues associated with
the management of fisheries resources. Chapter 7 discusses
the main challenges associated with the sustainable use of
Peru's natural resources, particularly water, forests,
biodiversity, and soils. Chapter 8 discusses sectoral
environmental management in Peru, which has been
fundamentally based on the environmental impact assessment
(EM) system. The analysis finds that the effectiveness of
EIA in Peru is, however, undermined by the lack of a uniform
perspective regarding its objectives and usefulness. Chapter
9 reviews the environmental management framework in Peru and
assesses the complex institutional system of checks and
balances. Chapter I O presents the CEA's conclusions
and recommendations. The conclusions stress that, while
there has been considerable progress in the last decades in
addressing the biodiversity conservation agenda, high
urbanization rates suggest the need to increase emphasis on
environmental health issues.
