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Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs)
The secretariat prepared a synthesis report on the aggregate effect of the INDCs. The report was published on 1 November 2015 and became one of the key documents for governments to understand their collective effort on climate change and to shape the discussions and negotiations in Paris.
Safeguards for Carbon Markets – Prioritizing Local Communities’ Tenure Rights
While emissions trading already began in the late 1980s and early 1990s, carbon markets can officially be traced back to the Kyoto Protocol of 1997. The Kyoto Protocol introduced market-based mechanisms allowing countries to trade emission allowances and invest in emission reduction projects overseas. On this basis, the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) was launched in 2005, pioneering the introduction of large-scale, regulated carbon trading systems.
Beyond Land Titles: Pastoralists Find Security Amid Climate Change in Community Land Governance Mechanisms: A Case Study of How Stronger Local Community Land Governance Promotes the Climate Resilience of Local and Indigenous Communities in Kenya
This case study presents the unique example of pastoralist communities in Kenya who had traditionally been able to rely on their customary land governance systems to ensure their access to grazing land and to help them sustain their livelihoods in the face of drought. However, land laws that were passed by the colonial and post-colonial administrations in Kenya progressively replaced customary structures and practices with artificial formal/legal structures that bore no connection to the communities’ customs.
IP women challenge the intersection of gender and land rights inequalities
This case study highlights the vulnerability of women in Fiaferana, who are disadvantaged, first, by their gender and indigenous heritage, and second, by their lack of tenure security in the midst of climate change. However, the women of Fiaferana have met these overlapping challenges head-on through innovative and empowering strategies, including sustainable land use management.
Expanding Opportunities: A Framework for Gender and Socially-Inclusive Climate Resilient Agriculture
Limiting global warming to the 2°C target that countries have committed to in the 2015 Paris Agreement, and reaching the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, will require large-scale expansion of climate-resilient approaches in agriculture and food systems. In order to achieve the scale of change required, coordinated action is needed from global to local levels, from research to policy and investment, and across private, public, and civil society sectors.
Agenda 21
Agenda 21 is a comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally and locally by organizations of the United Nations System, Governments, and Major Groups in every area in which human impacts on the environment.
Agenda 21, the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, and the Statement of principles for the Sustainable Management of Forests were adopted by more than 178 Governments at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992.
Support WCS Canada The Goals and Targets of the Kunming-Montreal Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF)
These goals and targets are purposively (and appropriately) designed to work as an integrated whole, reflecting the same principle of indivisibility embodied in the UN Sustainable Development Goals. They require actions to be integrated across the whole of government and society.
Trillion Trees
The Mitigating Impact of Land Tenure Security on Drought-Induced Food Insecurity: Evidence from Rural Malawi
This paper explores household variation in land tenure security and drought shocks across villages to investigate the extent to which land tenure systems matter in households’ capacity to cope with adverse impacts of weather shocks for agricultural dependent households in rural Malawi. Our findings reveal that land tenure security cushions the effects of drought regimes on food security. Further, we establish access to credit facilities for farm investment purposes as the underlying channel that mediates the impact of drought shocks on food insecurity.
Asia-Pacific roadmap for primary forest conservation
- Remaining intact forests still covered 519 million ha in the Asia-Pacific region in 2020. Of these, 378 million ha are intact contiguous forests.