This Act amends the Constitution of Zambia by repealing the Preamble and replacing Part I (Supremacy of the Constitution), Part II (National values, principles and economic policies), Part IV (Citizenship), Part V (Representation of the People). Parts from VI to XIV are also repealed and replaced. New Parts from XV to XX are inserted.
Por razões conhecidas, o sector agrícola tem um papel fundamental na economia moçambicana. Este tema é relevante, por um lado, porque a agricultura é considerada a base de desenvolvimento do nosso país e, por outro, porque as políticas públicas influenciam o comportamento de diversas variáveis da actividade agrária. Moçambique possui condições naturais para, a longo prazo, desenvolver um sector agrário diversificado, dinâmico e sustentável. Existem mais de 36 milhões de hectares de terra arável, dos quais somente 10% estão em uso e, destes, 90% pelo sector familiar (PEDSA, 2011).
Matters of environmental migration are frequently looked at from a humanitarian perspective.1 This policy brief will instead look at it with a lens focusing on land issues. The question of environmental migration is inevitably linked to the question of land for several reasons. First, climate and environmental change trigger and accelerate the loss of land due to sea-level rise, coastal erosion, landslides and other forms of land degradation.
Over the past 20 years, the term "agro-ecological zones methodology," or AEZ, has become widely used. However, it has been associated with a wide range of different activities that are often related yet quite different in scope and objectives. FAO and IIASA differentiate the AEZ methodology in the following activities:
Las exigencias en la industria forestal están enfocadas a alcanzar estándares de productividad y un desempeño socialmente responsable con las comunidades, trabajadores y empresas contratistas. Al igual que en otros sectores, ha habido una importante especialización funcional que ha llevado a las grandes empresas a externalizar parte de sus procesos de la cadena productiva, generando importantes vínculos con empresas contratistas, quienes deben cumplir nuevos estándares internacionales.
Land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) represents one of the key drivers of global environmental change. However, the processes and drivers of anthropogenic land-use activity are still overly simplistically implemented in Dynamic Global Vegetation Models
South Africa experiences droughts on a regular basis, often associated with significant negative impacts on society and the economy. Droughts can be forecast, and South African climate scientists have been developing computer-generated models to forecast El Niño-induced droughts. Even so, there is a tendency to implement remedial interventions when droughts occur, rather than implementing proactive and preventative strategies. Being reactive seems to be a defining feature of South African water-resource management. This has also been the case with the 2015/2016 drought.
Landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) are disadvantaged in a myriad of ways and they have special needs which require special attention. Challenges such as undiversified economies, vulnerability to climate change and climate variability, land degradation and desertification, among others, are undermining the economic potential of many LLDCs. This has been exacerbated by weak export base of many LLDCs centered on a few primary agricultural and/ or mineral commodities.
The growing scale of resource development activities accentuates the complexity underlying the sustainability of traditional livelihoods in Mongolia. At the same time, Mongolia experiences growing vulnerability to climatic variability and change, expressed in the form of intense desertification, water stress, and extreme dzuds.
In the natural resources sector, laws are often formulated to regulate the relationship between men and the environment. Ideally, the law can play a vital role in regulating and protecting communities from adverse environmental and social impacts of mining, loss of land, biodiversity and natural wealth, as well as other human rights violations. Almost all countries in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) have developed laws and institutions to regulate and monitor the extraction of mineral resources and their impact on the environment and people.
The researchers have used evidence from Mato Grosso, Brazil, to show that changes in agricultural output stemming from the sensitivity of cropland area and cropping frequency to interannual climate variability are of similar magnitude to agricultural output changes associated with the sensitivity of crop yield to interannual climate variability.
The purpose of this study was to determine the financial cost of irrigation water in the Jordan Valley and the corresponding impact of higher water prices on farming. The analysis shows that JVA needs significant tariff increases to be able to attain a more financially sustainable footing. In case JVA wants to at least cover its operating and maintenance costs in 2013, it will require JD 0.108 per m3 - assuming that the current cross-subsidies and current inefficiency levels remain unchanged.