Long-term erosion forecast can completely misinterpret in extreme events in plain regions. Flow paths are well
represented in the plain using digital elevation models in the 1-m grid (DEM1). The scale of the erosion process
models and the elevation models is comparable. With it instruments are available to improve the erosion simulation.
Simulations, based on (R)USLE family and bigger grid width, are relevant for regional overviews, to the clarification
of small scale relevant linear erosion forms, however, unsuitably.

Leadership style plays essential role on the success of organizations. The proposed study of this paper compares the efficiency of leadership study based on EFQM and Bass models in national land and housing organization of Iran. The proposed study of this paper designs a questionnaire and distributes it among all managers on this organization. The study covers all different levels of management including middle and top-level management. The results of the survey indicate that the average efficiency of EFQM model is located in 2.7276

The alterations caused by the realization of large scale, linear infra-structure have repercussions that similarly disrupt the land market. The market is still not perfect and has all the inherent problems connected to estimation of the compensation due for expropriation. In general, the latter doesn’t compensate the expropriated party sufficiently for the impact that the construction of a new infra-structure can have on the land in question.

Culture and identity in a society can be represented in the architecture and the meanings intertwined with it. In this sense, the architecture and design are the interface for transferring meaning and identity to the nation and future generations. Persian gardens have been evolved through the history of Persian Empire in regard to the culture and beliefs of the society. This paper aims to investigate the patterns of design and architecture in Persian gardens and the meanings intertwined with their patterns and significant elements such as water and trees.

The South African government provides access to agricultural land for people not adequately represented in the agricultural sector.  However, the government lacks sufficient funds and institutional infrastructure to provide post-settlement support to the settled developing farmers. A farmer-to-farmer mentorship programme between established and developing farm types has been identified as an institutional arrangement that could complement the government’s efforts.

This study aims at presenting a conceptual model for landscape management in the Himalayan region of India,
using quantitative/mathematical approach. Keeping in view the requirement, (based on fifteen years empirical
field work in the Himalayan region and as well as literature survey) the MODAM (Multiple Objectives Decision
Support Tools for Landscape Management) model along with linear programming approach was adopted with a
view to presenting additional methodological perspectives on interdisciplinary landscape research. The work has

Within the framework of the project „Flood Prevention and Nature Conservation in the Weisseritz area“ („HochNatur“),
a method including landscape metrics was developed and applied to assess and to compare different land
use scenarios with regard to flood prevention and nature conservation. For the analysis, two sub-catchments strongly
differing in land use within the Weisseritz catchment (Eastern Erzgebirge, Saxony, Germany) were selected. The

The paper begins from testing a renewed interest by the Italian legislator about aspects of land ownership, and examines recent proposals of regulatory measures presented in the years 2012 and 2013. Therefore are taken into account the law projects concerning the so called ‘Consumption’ of agricultural land, presented to the Parliament by the Italian government either in September 2012 then in June 2013, following the election of the new Parliament in the Spring of 2013.

Recently, droughts have become widespread in the Northern Hemisphere, including in Mongolia. The ground surface condition, particularly vegetation coverage, affects the occurrence of dust storms. The main sources of dust storms in the Asian region are the Taklimakan and Mongolian Gobi desert regions. In these regions, precipitation is one of the most important factors for growth of plants especially in arid and semi-arid land. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between precipitation and vegetation cover dynamics over 29 years in the Gobi region.

Quantitative reconstructions of past land use facilitate comparisons between livelihoods in space and time. However, comparison between different types of land use strategies is challenging as land use has a multitude of expressions and intensities. The quantitative method presented here facilitates the exploration and synthetization of uneven archaeological and textual evidence from past societies.

In arid regions, oases ecosystems are fragile and sensitive to climate change, and water is the major limiting factor for environmental and socio-economic developments. Understanding the drivers of land use/cover change (LUCC) in arid regions is important for the development of management strategies to improve or prevent environmental deterioration and loss of natural resources.

Organized transhumant pastoralism has contributed to shaping the cultural landscape of many countries. It has affected areas designated for grazing, temporary and permanent shelters, and towns. Through the analysis of historical maps and recent information, in a temporal range from 1652 to 2014, this study focused on changes in land cover and conservation status of one of the main Italian transhumance paths, namely the Tratturo Castel di Sangro-Lucera. Although there are some areas where this drove road is still recognizable, it is mostly identifiable only through a few tangible signs.