The Programme for Climate-Smart Livestock Systems (PCSL) is an initiative designed to enable key actors in the livestock sector to increasingly include climate change adaptation and mitigation in their farming practices, sector strategies and investment projects. PCSL is financed by GIZ and commissioned by the Government of the Federal Republic of Germany. GIZ has commissioned the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and the World Bank to implement the programme activities. ILRI’s programme activities are based in Kenya, Ethiopia and Uganda.

CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions and Markets. 2020. Annual Report 2019. CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions and Markets: Washington DC, USA

The productivity of small ruminants in developing countries remains low although the animals play an integral role in the livelihoods of smallholder farmers. Current information on their productive performance and contribution to the household incomes of smallholder farmers in Eastern Africa is limited. This study was implemented as part of an on-going small ruminant improvement project by the Climate Change Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) and the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) in Kericho and Kisumu Counties of the Lake Victoria basin of Kenya.

As part of the project “Developing Gender
Indicators in Agriculture,” we conducted a literature
review in order to understand how research and
agricultural development projects in Latin America
measure women’s empowerment and gender
inequalities. The research allowed us to conduct
a close examination of the theoretical concepts
and the methodologies employed, and the way in
which both of these are linked, in practice. In the
study, we uncovered similarities in the theoretical

P4S II resulted from the merging the actions of BRAS-PAR and P4S I with the intention to use tools and
evidence/lessons learned from the Climate-Smart Villages and other development activities, with
existing and new partners through direct scientific support to decision makers (e.g., governments, civil
society, and researchers) and capacity building to help bring CSA to scale. The scientific activities will
be combined with dedicated communications activities such as photo essays, tweets, blog posts, etc. from

In Ghana, women participation in the small ruminant value chain as a poverty reduction strategy is increasing. However, fodder of good nutritive value is relatively unavailable. Considering this need, the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) has been using its Climate-Smart Village (CSV) approach to test and promote the adoption of climate-smart agricultural (CSA) interventions such as the management of useful fodder tree and shrub species.

Even though drought tolerant maize (DTM) varieties have proven yield stabilization benefits, the adoptions remains low. In this research, we explore the risk spectrum that male and female smallholder farmers face in agriculture and the gendered barriers and drivers to adoption of drought tolerant maize varieties. The study appraises how communities in four district in Uganda are responding to observed changes and managing agricultural risks.

Since the market-oriented Doi Moi reforms of the 1980s and 1990s, Vietnam’s livestock sector has experienced rapid growth. Although policies have been implemented at the national and provincial levels to guide this growth in a sustainable manner, blind spots and implementation gaps remain. Through a review of policy documents, grey literature, peer-reviewed journal articles, and key informant interviews, this research seeks to summarize livestock-related policies at the national and provincial levels in Son La, Vietnam.

This chapter provides information on the common problems faced by livestock farmers in Africa and Asia, such as insufficient availability of high-quality feed, declines in grazing resources in response to the expansion of cultivated land and poor control over grazing rights, among others. The importance of the cultivation of green forages specifically for feeding livestock as a potential means of addressing the feed gap is discussed. The potential and actual impact of planted forages are presented and success cases emerging from CGIAR research are reviewed.

Malnutrition linked to poor quality diets affects at least 2 billion people. Forests, as well as agricultural systems linked to trees, are key sources of dietary diversity in rural settings. In the present article, we develop conceptual links between diet diversity and forested landscape mosaics within the rural tropics. First, we summarize the state of knowledge regarding diets obtained from forests, trees, and agroforests. We then hypothesize how disturbed secondary forests, edge habitats, forest access, and landscape diversity can function in bolstering dietary diversity.