Fragile and conflict-affected situations
might appear incapable of attracting significant flows of
foreign investment due to their often negative international
images and weak enabling environments. However, during the
last eight years, foreign investment into these economies
has grown almost three times more quickly than flows into
the rest of the world, albeit from a very low starting
point. Untapped natural resources, reconstruction needs, and

The paper uses the latest 2011 round of
the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey
for the Russian Federation, which for the first time was
designed to be representative of Russian regions. The paper
takes a closer look at regional-level factors influencing
the business environment in Russia and, more specifically,
conditions that favor the emergence of symbiotic relations
between regional authorities and regional businesses.

နိုဝင်ဘာလ ၂၀၁၄
မြန်မာနိုင်ငံ၏ အမျိုးသားမြေအသုံးချမှုမူဝါဒမူကြမ်းနှင့်ပတ်သက်၍ Global Witness ၏
အဆိုပြုလွှာအနှစ်ချုပ်
ဒီမိုကရေစီနိုင်ငံအဖြစ် ပြုပြင်ပြောင်းလဲမှုများပြုလုပ်ရာတွင်မြန်မာနိုင်ငံအစိုးရသည်
အမျိုးသားမြေအသုံးချမှုမူဝါဒမူကြမ်းကို ၂၀၁၄ ခုနှစ် အောက်တိုဘာလတွင်ထုတ်ပြန်ခဲ့ပြီး
ပြည်သူလူထုနှင့် တိုင်ပင်ဆွေးနွေးရန်နောက်ဆက်တွဲမြေယာဥပဒေတစ်ခုအတွက် အစီအစဉ်များကိုလည်းထုတ်ပြန်ခဲ့ပါသည်။

Summary: "As part of its transition to democratic reform, in October 2014, the Government of Myanmar released a draft national land policy and plans for a subsequent Land Law, for public consultation. The importance of this cannot be understated and Global Witness welcomes both the potential for a strong codified framework for land, and the opportunity for public participation. It is crucial, however, that consultation is meaningful and genuinely participatory, and the resulting feedback is incorporated into the policy and Land Law in a process that is fully transparent.

This guide aims to help all stakeholders and companies who have a link with investments that affect land and property rights apply due diligence in their operations.

Over the past 18 months, the World Bank
has been working on a comprehensive plan to address the
challenge of productive jobs in Tanzania. This study
represents a step towards a better understanding of how to
promote job creation in Tanzania. Indeed, the growth of
productive jobs is vital for alleviating poverty and
promoting shared prosperity - two important goals of
Tanzania's economic strategy. This booklet highlights

Recognizing the importance and
uniqueness of the Sundarbans, the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
declared the Indian portion of the forest a World Heritage
Site in 1987, and the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Program
has included the Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve in the Global
Network of Island and Coastal Biosphere Reserves
Contributing to Action on Climate Change and Sustainable

This study has been undertaken to
provide input to the Government of Kazakhstan on mineral
exploration policy. The purpose is to offer advice for
policy reform in the mineral sector. It examines best
practices in licencing and regulation for mineral
exploration. It will review common best practices which
pertain to mineral exploration on a world-wide basis. It
will also provide examples of countries which have

This case study is one of six
evaluations of the implementation of the World Bank's
1991 Forest Strategy. This and the other cases (Cameroon,
China, Costa Rica, India, and Indonesia) complement a review
of the entire set of lending and nonlending activities of
the World Bank Group and the Global Environment Facility.
The World Bank has clearly diminished its lending presence
in the Amazon in the past decade. It has moved from the

This report profiles 52 business
women, representing countries where IFC works across the
Pacific region, in 30 case studies. Women in the report
share lessons in starting their businesses, and describe the
obstacles and opportunities they encountered in their
pursuit of growth. By revealing their future plans, the
women provide inspiration for current and future business
women of the Pacific to pursue greater entrepreneurial

This report presents indicators based
on laws and regulations affecting women's prospects as
entrepreneurs and employees. Several of these indicators
draw on the Gender Law Library, a collection of over 2,000
legal provisions impacting women's economic status.
Both resources can inform research and policy discussions on
how to improve women's economic opportunities and
outcomes. The six indicators of gender differences in formal

This paper explores the available
literature on participatory approaches to development as an
input to the operations evaluation department (OED)
evaluation of World Bank-supported community-based
development (CBD) and community-driven development (CDD)
interventions. Participatory approaches to development have
gained substantial support in the international community
over the past quarter century, and have become increasingly