everal studies have been conducted on shaded cocoa systems, but few of these have examined species-specific crown architecture of upper canopy trees and its influence on shade provision in cocoa agroforestry systems.

This study analyzes the influence of livelihood assets on Ugandan farmers’ decisions to control Banana Xanthomonas Wilt (BXW), a disease that has threatened banana production and the livelihoods of Ugandan farmers since 2001. The BXW control strategy is based on the simultaneous implementation of four cultural practices: de-budding, infected plant removal, disinfecting tools, and using clean planting materials.

The formation of agricultural cooperatives has been widely promoted as an agricultural development policy initiative to help smallholder farmers cope with multiple production and marketing challenges. Using a nationally representative survey dataset of smallholder maize producers from rural Nigeria, this study assesses the impact of agricultural cooperative membership on technical efficiency (TE).

For rural communities in Ghana, neglected and underutilized crop species (NUS) are important for nutrition, food security and income generation. However, little is known about their diversity and potential; very little has been published about NUS in Ghana. This review summarizes the main findings of a review of recent literature.

Livestock are critical for incomes, livelihoods, nutrition and ecosystems management throughout the global South. Livestock production and the consumption of livestock-based foods such as meat, cheese, and milk is, however, under global scrutiny for its contribution to global warming, deforestation, biodiversity loss, water use, pollution, and land/soil degradation. This paper argues that, although the environmental footprint of livestock production presents a real threat to planetary sustainability, also in the global south, this is highly contextual.

Abstract. Drought is predicted to increase in the future due to climate change, bringing with it myriad impacts on ecosystems. Plants respond to drier soils by reducing stomatal conductance in order to conserve water and avoid hydraulic damage. Despite the importance of plant drought responses for the global carbon cycle and local and regional climate feedbacks, land surface models are unable to capture observed plant responses to soil moisture stress.

Agriculture is one of the pillars of the Ethiopian economy and the overall economic growth of the country is highly dependent on the success of the agricultural sector. Livestock is an integral part of the agricultural sector and the contribution of live animals and their products to the agricultural economy is immense. Livestock production plays a substantial role in Ethiopia through the provision of food, income, employment and many other contributions.

The information below was obtained through a survey carried out by a face to face interview using a questionnaire that was prepared to analyze the forage seed production and supply system in Uganda. Out of the 9 formal seed companies that sell forage seeds, only 6 like Robran Holdings Ltd, NARO Holdings Ltd, National Tree seed Centre, Rhino seeds, Sim law seeds and East Africa Seeds participated in the survey. The other 3 like Victoria seeds, FORESCO Uganda and grow more seeds and Chemicals had technical and administrative constraints that hindered their participation.