Land degradation is a great threat for the future and it requires great effort and resources to ameliorate. The major causes of land degradation in Ethiopia are the rapid population increase, severe soil loss, deforestation, low vegetative cover and unbalanced crop and livestock production. Inappropriate land-use systems and land-tenure policies enhance desertification and loss of agrobiodiversity. Utilization of dung and crop residues for fuel and other uses disturbs the sustainability of land resources. The supply of inputs such as fertilizer, farm machinery and credits are very low.

This final chapter of the book offers a set of policy recommendations. It presents some typical win-win outcomes, including technologies suited for forest poor areas, labour intensive technologies promoting intensification to replace land extensive farming practices, and promoting agricultural systems that provide environmental services similar to those of natural forests.

This conference proceedings contains 26 papers based on the activities of partner institutions that the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) has facilitated. There are 4 sections: (i) evaluation of forest harvesting and fire impacts on forest ecosystems; (ii) development of methods to rehabilitate logged-over forests and degraded forest lands; (iii) development of silvicultural techniques on degraded forest lands; and (iv) network of the rehabilitation of degraded forest ecosystems.

This paper looks at the impact of the introduction of new soybean technologies on the clearing of natural vegetation (forest and savanna) in southern Brazil, the Brazilian Cerrado, and Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The paper looks at how technological change interacted with other government policies and examines general equilibrium effects on product and labor markets as well as the direct on-farm effects. In southern Brazil new technologies made large-scale mechanized soybean production more profitable.

This chapter spells out the theoretical framework for the discussion and case studies of the book. First, it provides precise definitions of technological change and classify technological change into different types based on their factor intensities. The discussion starts off with a single farm household. Two key concepts for understanding how that household will respond to technological changes are economic incentives and constraints. The former relates to how new technologies influence the economic return of different activities.

A project is in progress to build a number of roads in Kachin State in return for huge logging concessions. While improving and expanding the infrastructure in Kachin State is much needed, the impact of this deal on the environment could prove to be disastrous.

Texto sin OCR

In de Vijfde Nota Ruimtelijke Ordening staat de militaire luchthaven Valkenburg gepland voor ontwikkeling als stedelijk gebied. Binnen de betreffende gemeentes (Wassenaar, Katwijk, Valkenburg) zijn diverse natuurbeschermingsorganisaties voorstander voor het behoud van de luchthaven. Om vanuit de optiek van natuurwaarden een bijdrage aan de discussie en besluitvorming te leveren is Alterra gevraagd om de potentiële ecologische waarde van het marinevliegkamp te beschrijven

Met het in de Vijfde Nota Ruimtelijke Ordening voorgestelde beleid, worden de waardevolle landschappen in Nederland de komende 20 jaar vooralsnog onvoldoende beschermd tegen de oprukkende verstedelijking. Bij continuering van de huidige trends en zonder aanvullend beleid gaat in 2020 door verstedelijking ruim 20␟an de waardevolle landschappen verloren. Met name landschappen in de Noordvleugel van de Randstad en de provincie Utrecht staan onder druk. Het kabinet stelt in de Vijfde Nota wel doelen voor het behoud van landschap en introduceert onder meer het instrument 'groene contouren'.

Summary of EEPSEA research report: Econometric analysis of the causes of forest land use changes in Hainan, China