Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS-Statistics Indonesia) is a Non-Ministry Government Agency directly responsible to the President. The BPS is instituted by Law Number 16, 1997 on Statistics; Government Regulation Number 51, 1999 on Statistics Undertakings; Presidential Decree Number 166, 2000 on Status, Task, Function, Authority, and Organizational Structure of the Non- Departmental Government Institution; Presidential Decree Number 178, 2000 on Organizational Structure and Task of the Non-Departmental Government Institution; Presidential Decree Number 163, 1998 on College for Statistics; Executive Act Number 001, 2001 on The Organization and Task of the BPS; Executive Act Number 101, 1998 on The Organization and Task of College for Statistics. Previously, BPS was Biro Pusat Statistik or Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) instituted by Law Number 7, 1960 on Statistics.

The aforementioned law, and decree stipulate functions to be performed by BPS, as follows:  

• To provide data to the government, and public.
  The data is derived from its comprehensive statistical activities, comprises of periodic information on structure and growth of economy, social change, and development. Those statistics may be derived from its own researches and surveys as well as from other government department as secondary data.
• To assist statistics divisions of government departments and other institutions, in developing statistical system, needed to setup work program and periodic reporting scheme.
• To develop and promote standards to be incorporated in the implementation of statistical techniques and methods, and to provide necessary services in the field of education and training in statistics.
• To establish cooperation with international institutions and other countries for the benefit of Indonesia's statistical development.