During the late 18th-early 19th centuries, the principality of Gorkha united many of the other principalities and states of the sub-Himalayan region into a Nepalese Kingdom. Nepal retained its independence following the Anglo-Nepalese War of 1814-16 and the subsequent peace treaty laid the foundations for two centuries of amicable relations between Britain and Nepal. (The Brigade of Gurkas continues to serve in the British Army to the present day.) In 1951, the Nepali monarch ended the century-old system of rule by hereditary premiers and instituted a cabinet system that brought political parties into the government. That arrangement lasted until 1960, when political parties were again banned, but was reinstated in 1990 with the establishment of a multiparty democracy within the framework of a constitutional monarchy.
An insurgency led by Maoists broke out in 1996. The ensuing 10-year civil war between Maoist and government forces witnessed the dissolution of the cabinet and parliament and the re-assumption of absolute power by the king in 2002. A peace accord in 2006 led to the promulgation of an interim constitution in 2007. Following a nationwide Constituent Assembly (CA) election in 2008, the newly formed CA declared Nepal a federal democratic republic, abolished the monarchy, and elected the country's first president. After the CA failed to draft a constitution by a May 2012 deadline set by the Supreme Court, then-Prime Minister Baburam BHATTARAI dissolved the CA. Months of negotiations ensued until March 2013 when the major political parties agreed to create an interim government headed by then-Chief Justice Khil Raj REGMI with a mandate to hold elections for a new CA. Elections were held in November 2013, in which the Nepali Congress won the largest share of seats in the CA and in February 2014 formed a coalition government with the second place Communist Party of Nepal-Unified Marxist-Leninist and with Nepali Congress President Sushil KOIRALA as prime minister. Nepal's new constitution came into effect in September 2015.
Nepal is a federal parliamentary republic.
Source: CIA World Factbook
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Displaying 11 - 15 of 18Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS), 2014.
4.1 The Agriculture Development Strategy (ADS) will guide the agricultural sector of Nepal over the next 20 years. The structure of the agricultural sector is expected to change considerably with agribusiness to grow faster. Strong linkages between agriculture and other sectors in the economy will be critical to the reduction of poverty particularly in rural areas where the development of non-farm activities based on agriculture will be fundamental for the growth of an overall robust economy, a more balanced rural economy, and employment generation.
Immovable Property Requisition Act, 2013 (1956).
This Act may be called “Immovable property Requisition Act, 2013 (1956)”. This Act shall commence in Kathmandu Valley immediately and shall commence in other areas on such date as prescribed by the Government of Nepal upon publishing a Notification in Nepal Gazette. It establishes administrative and legal proceedings as well as terms and conditions in case the Government of Nepal concludes that immovable property is needed or likely to be needed for any public purpose and requisition.
Compensation Act, 2019 (1963).
The Compensation Act provides for property acquired or to be acquired by the Government of Nepal in accordance with the Nepal laws. The Government of Nepal may, if it considers necessary to acquire any property for the public interest, acquire that property. The authority specified by the Government of Nepal may determine the figure of the compensation of the property acquired pursuant to Sub-section.
Land Revenue Act, 2034 (Act No. 25 of 1978)
This Act provides for the collection and recovery of land revenue.The Act provides for the establishment of the Land Revenue Office which shall carry out the functions to be carried out by the Revenue Office, Fund and Collection Office or the Land Administration Office (Chapter 2).
Land (Survey and Measurement) Act, 2019 (Act No. 51 of 1963).
The Government of Nepal may issue orders for purposes of land survey and measurement which shall be carried out by the prescribed authority (sect. 3). Sections 4 and 5 make provision for the measurement of land and the demarcation of boundaries of specified lands. Section 6 makes provision for land survey operations. After survey, measurement, and registration the prescribed authority shall issue a registration certificate under section 8. Section 10 provides for the classification of land according to its characteristics.