Community based goat breed improvement was established to improve the productivity performance of goat through selective breeding and to demonstrate community based utilization and conservation of local breed. The community based breeding with 56 participant farmers have been established since March 2012 at Dinzaz Village Gumara Makseget watershed. 12 bucks user group were established for easy management of the selected bucks. The data were recorded through trained enumerators and best bucks were selected and distributed for buck user group.

This brief presents an integrated CF-CCA framework for practitioners working in rural contexts, including natural resource management user groups and non-governmental and civil society organizations. The framework draws on an integrated landscape approach (Reed et al. 2014) to natural resource management, which aims to reconcile trade-offs, balance competing demands, integrate policies and identify priorities across different land-use sectors.

The rising conflicts between farmers and pastoralists threaten Nigeria’s food security, economic stability and ecological balance. Instead of ‘silently’ resolving the issues, the Nigerian government should intensify all means to end these crimes against livelihoods and address the root causes, like climate change, displacement and appropriation of grazing reserves.

Decomposition, nutrient, and isotopic (deltasup(13)C and deltasup(15)N) dynamics during 1 year were studied for leaf and twig litters of Pinus densiflora, Castanea crenata, Erigeron annuus, and Miscanthus sinensis growing on a highly weathered soil with constrained nutrient supply using litterbags in a cool temperate region of South Korea. Decay constant (kl year) ranged from 0.58 to 1.29/year, and mass loss ranged from 22.36 to 58.43 % among litter types.

South Asia is on the front line in confronting the implications of climate change and addressing the consequences for security.

To analyse this and more, the Global Military Advisory Council on Climate Change (GMACCC) has just released its report “Climate Change and Security in South Asia”. GMACCC is a global network of military and security experts working on the security implications of climate change. President BIPSS, Major General A N M Muniruzzaman, ndc, psc (Retd) is the Chairman of GMACCC. He is also a lead author of this report.

The Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) is a constitutionally recognized semiautonomous region in northern Iraq. Its government, the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG), based in Erbil, has the right, under the Iraqi constitution of 2005, to exercise legislative, executive, and judicial powers according to the constitution, except in what is listed therein as exclusive powers of the federal authorities. The Iraqi constitution defines the Kurdistan Region as a federal entity of Iraq. KRG has a parliamentary democracy with a regional assembly that consists of 111 seats.

The climate-smart agriculture (CSA) concept reflects
an ambition to improve the integration of agriculture
development and climate responsiveness. It aims to
achieve food security and broader development goals
under a changing climate and increasing food demand.
CSA initiatives sustainably increase productivity, enhance
resilience, and reduce/remove GHGs, and require planning
to address tradeoffs and synergies between these three
pillars: productivity, adaptation, and mitigation [1]. The

This paper examines the effects of land tenure insecurity originating from land reforms on deforestation in the Brazilian Amazonia. A non cooperative game model is developed where natural forests are considered as an open access resource and the strategic interactions between landowners and squatters lead to an over deforestation. The main theoretical restriction is a positive impact of squatters on deforestation. It is successfully tested on a panel data set covering the municipalities of the Legal Amazonia controlling for the endogeneity of squatters in a deforestation equation.

This Act, consisting of 231 sections divided into eight Chapters and completed by two Schedules, aims to establish an efficient, effective, transparent, integrated, coordinated, and accountable system of land use planning (planning), development assessment and related matters that facilitates the achievement of ecological sustainability.

Le présent décret fixe l’organisation du Ministère de l’Urbanisme et de l’Habitat qui s’articule autour des structures suivantes : le Cabinet du Ministre; et le Secrétariat Général.

Urban sanitation remains a significant challenge for most low- and middle-income countries. While sanitation coverage has been increasing across both the 48 least developed countries (LDCs) and developing regions as a whole, progress has been relatively slow. In many cities, even where improved on-site facilities are used to contain excreta, the level of quality and access to services for the emptying, conveyance, treatment, and disposal of the resulting fecal sludge is usually limited. These services are collectively called fecal sludge management (FSM) services.