Poverty in rural households have deepened in the past two years through world events: unprecedented rises in food and fuel prices were followed by global economic meltdown, all amidst growing climate uncertainty. Balancing water availability within and across growing seasons, water harvesting helps to buffer households against drought. Research on water harvesting in South Africa has focused on rural household livelihoods. Innovative results on appropriate water harvesting technologies and food security facilitation techniques are now being implemented in villages across South Africa.

Fragile states, posing a major challenge of our times, are increasingly becoming a focus of attention in international politics and development cooperation. But very often, the viewpoint of the people affected by fragile statehood is not sufficiently heard. Parts of the international community prioritize their own security policy interests, the motto being the «war on terrorism». People in fragile states, by contrast, are primarily concerned with their own survival and the quest for development opportunities for themselves and their communities.

Negotiations to establish a set of Voluntary Guidelines on the human right to food, held under the auspices of FAO, were successfully completed in autumn 2004, with all 174 FAO member countries signing the final document. However, the negotiations proved to be far from straightforward, as many countries were anxious about the legally binding nature of the Guidelines.

Water is scarce in India's semiarid zones of Rajasthan. Climate change is putting additional pressure on the rare resources. Irregular or no rainfall forces many small farmers to abandon their fields, at least temporarily, and seek work in the towns. Participative water management projects as practiced in Bhipur village, growing crops with low water requirements and more sustainable farming practices are adaptation strategies that allow farmers to continue their activities despite climate risks.

Interest in the notion of «state failure» has seen a dramatic upsurge in recent years. As a rule, changes in global framework conditions are held responsible for this decrease in state control and legitimacy. But the prominence of this topic in the international debate easily overlooks the fact that the phenomenon of failing states is not new, but has existed since the division of the world into nation-states. Moreover, it is almost impossible to establish a uniform pattern of state failure.

The Voluntary Guidelines on the human right to food provide a further instrument of international law in the fight against world hunger.The Guidelines promise to be a powerful new weapon in combating malnutrition.They forge an alliance between development policy and human rights in the struggle for the right to food. The «human rights approach» has become the new watchword in the fight against hunger.

Until 1978, the Afghan state was weak but stable. In contrast, rural regulatory structures that complemented the state have always been strong. It was only the attempt to establish a strong state on the basis of foreign ideologies and military over the heads of the rural population that ultimately led to chaos and collapse.Whereas the central state sometimes broke down, many state
institutions in the provinces demonstrated remarkable resilience, leading to a definite nation-state consciousness throughout large sections of the population.

Although «urban» and «rural» development are often considered as in opposition to each other and seen as competing with each other for investment and support, many urban centres owe much of their economic base to agriculture. Ironically, one of the best tests of whether rural development is working is whether local urban centres are booming - as increasing agricultural output is served by markets and producer services there, and as real increases in income for a wide range of rural households are reflected in increased demand for goods and services provided by urban-based enterprises.

Agricultural value chains link urban consumption with rural production. Changing demand, as a consequence of urbanization, emergence of «modern» consumption patterns or new trends in international trade, impacts on rural areas along value chains and spills over to marketing and production systems.These rural urban linkages bear challenges but also mutual benefits for producers and consumers and can be promising entry points for development interventions.This is illustrated with the case of the Kenyan potato value chain.

La crise financière initiale s'est développée pour devenir, en 2008, une crise économique mondiale. Cette crise non seulement exacerbe le problème aigu de la famine en réduisant toujours davantage le pouvoir d'achat des populations pauvres, mais encore menace de limiter pendant des années les possibilités de combattre la famine à long terme au moyen d'investissements et d'innovations.

Lancé récemment, le processus de renégociation de la Convention relative à l’aide alimentaire (CAA) est passé pratiquement inaperçu du grand public. Élaborée il y a plus de 40 ans entre 23 pays donateurs, la Convention avait pour objectif d’utiliser les surplus céréaliers pour lutter contre la faim dans les pays en développement. Dans le cadre de cette Convention, l’Allemagne a accepté de fournir chaque année 56,24 millions d’euros d’aide alimentaire.

Le bilan des Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement
(OMD) après dix ans est plus que mitigé. Dans l’ensemble, on n’enregistre que quelques progrès au niveau régional, par exemple en ce qui concerne l’éducation pour tous (OMD 2), la réduction de la mortalité infantile (OMD 4), et aussi la lutte contre la pauvreté (OMD 1a). L’échec fatal, c’est de n’être pas parvenu à réaliser l’objectif de réduction de la faim (OMD 1c) : la tendance initiale positive vers une réduction de moitié de la proportion de personnes souffrant de la faim s’est inversée dans le monde entier. Or,