The Constitution of Kenya 2010 apportions responsibility of planning to both National and County governments. The County Government Act, 2012 obligates county governments to prepare and implement County Integrated Development Plans (CIDP). The CIDPs are, according to the act, five year plans that will form the basis of annual budgetary allocation by the county governments.

La présente ordonnance porte orientation de l'urbanisme en République Gabonaise. A cet effet, elle fixe la planification urbaine. Il s’agit notamment documents de planification urbaine (le Schéma Directeur d'Aménagement et d'Urbanisme (SDAU); le Plan d'Occupation des Sols (POS); Plan Directeur d'Urbanisme (PDU); Plan de Secteur (SMART CODE); Plan d’Aménagement de Zone (PAZ); Règlement National d’urbanisme (RNU).

The recent rapid population and economic growth in Southeast Asia has brought about drastic socio-economic changes, such as urbanization and an agricultural shift. Urbanization consists of concentrating a population from a rural to an urban area and expanding urban areas, which pushes farmland outward. The current development diagram generates and accumulates disaster risk as an extensive risk; however, the relationship between developmental progress and the increase in disaster risk must be determined for sustainable development to be achieved.

Peatlands are carbon-rich ecosystems that cover just three per cent of Earth's land surface, but store one-third of soil carbon. Peat soils are formed by the build-up of partially decomposed organic matter under waterlogged anoxic conditions. Most peat is found in cool climatic regions where unimpeded decomposition is slower, but deposits are also found under some tropical swamp forests. Here we present field measurements from one of the world's most extensive regions of swamp forest, the Cuvette Centrale depression in the central Congo Basin.

This research was carried out in a dense tropical forest region with the objective of improving the biomass estimates by a combination of ALOS-2 SAR, Landsat 8 optical, and field plots data. Using forest inventory based biomass data, the performance of different parameters from the two sensors was evaluated. The regression analysis with the biomass data showed that the backscatter from forest object (σ°forest) obtained from the SAR data was more sensitive to the biomass than HV polarization, SAR textures, and maximum NDVI parameters.

Assessment of the progress of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets set by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the safeguarding of ecosystems from the perverse negative impacts caused by Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Plus (REDD+) requires the development of spatiotemporally robust and sensitive indicators of biodiversity and ecosystem health. Recently, it has been proposed that tree-community composition based on count-plot surveys could serve as a robust, sensitive, and cost-effective indicator for forest intactness in Bornean logged-over rain forests.

Land cover and forest mapping supports decision makers in the course of making informed decisions for implementation of sustainable conservation and management plans of the forest resources and environmental monitoring. This research examines the value of integrating of ALOS PALSAR and Landsat data for improved forest and land cover mapping in Northern Tanzania.

A methodology was selected so as to provide a consistent and robust approach to using GIS for data capture, interpretation, storage and analysis. This included the capturing of new coastal and terrestrial data along the Red Sea coastline in the timescale of the project and at an appropriate scale to carry out the site selection study. All spatial datasets are stored in the GIS at JFRC and are used where appropriate as part of the site selection and for the identification of potential areas for development.

La tercera edición de la WRB incorpora, en el nuevo capítulo 2, elementos que permiten generar nombres taxonómicos mucho más informativos que llevan a deducir con facilidad la génesis y funciones de los suelos. Por otro lado, esta nueva versión de la WRB facilita la elaboración de leyendas de mapas a varias escalas para uso multifinalitario.

Cities and Urban Areas play a crucial role as engines of development as well as centers of connectivity, creativity, innovation, and as service hubs for the surrounding areas. Kenya has experienced unprecedented urban growth. At independence the urban population was about 8%. This had grown to be about 40% by 2015. It is projected that by year 2030 at least half of the Kenyan population will be urbanized. The rapid rate of urbanization exerts increased pressure on authorities to meet the needs of growing urban populations.

This study focuses on land use in the tsunami inundation area caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake, particularly land use history in the tsunami-affected area. Hanagama District, Yamamoto City, Miyagi prefecture, was selected as the study area. Land use were examined using aerial photographs taken in 1975, 2010 and 2013. Relationships between land use change and the disaster hazard areas, natural land conditions were analyzed with GIS.