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The habitat of tsetse fly (Glossina spp.) depends upon climatic conditions, host availability and land cover characteristics. In this paper, the Land Cover Classification System (LCCS), developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), is proposed as a tool to harmonize land cover mapping exercises carried out in the context of tsetse and trypanosomiasis (T&T) research and control. Habitat modifications are increasingly indu ced by human actions, either at a global scale, as in the case of climatic change, or at a local scale, as in the processes of urbanization and agricultural expansion. The challenges posed in the future by trypanosomiasis are likely to be shaped by those factors to the extent that no appropriate intervention can possibly be contemplated without considering them.