The overall objective of the present National Forest Policy is the conservation, protection, management and utilisation of the nation’s forest resources, while ensuring that the productive capacity of the forests for both goods and services is maintained or enhanced.

The National Forestry Policy and Implementation Strategy is Liberia’s sectoral policy and strategy for the forestry sector for the period 2006-2016. It focuses on maximizing the benefits of the forestry sector for the Liberian society, with a special emphasis on the contribution of the sector to poverty alleviation.

L’Enoncé de la Politique Forestière de l'Union des Comores est un document stratégique qui a pour but global la conservation et la gestion durable du patrimoine forestier afin d’en assurer la pérennité et de garantir une production soutenue de biens et de services pour le bénéfice de la population, tout en contribuant à la lutte contre la pauvreté, la protection de l’environnement et le respect des engagements de l’Etat envers les conventions internationales.La politique présente les principaux objectifs suivants: (i) l’amélioration des connaissances sur le patrimoine forestier et sa délimi

The National Strategy on Adaptation to Climate Change is a cross-sectoral strategic document adopted by the Ministry of the Environment to respond to the broader goals set out in the adaptation strategy package approved by the European Commission in 2013, with the aim of making Europe better prepared to withstand existing and future climate impacts.

Lesotho is one of the poorest and most
unequal countries in the world. It is a small, mostly
mountainous, and largely rural country of about 2 million
people, completely surrounded by South Africa. The
persistence of poverty and rising inequality are striking
for an economy that grew at annual rates of 4 percent per
capita over the past decade. Redefining the role of the

La acción colectiva ocurre cuando se requiere que más de una persona contribuya con un esfuerzo para lograr un resultado.

Institutions of collective action and systems of property rights shape how people use natural resources, and these patterns of use in turn affect the outcomes of people’s agricultural production systems. Together, mechanisms of collective action and property rights define the incentives people face for undertaking sustainable and productive management strategies, and they affect the level and distribution of benefits from natural resources.

En el mundo entero, los gobiernos buscan cada vez más gestionar sus bosques con la colaboración de la gente que vive cerca de ellos. Por lo general, los ministerios forestales o sus equivalentes lo hacen ofreciendo a la población local acceso a productos forestales seleccionados o a tierras de bosques, ingresos provenientes de los recursos forestales u oportunidades de comunicarse con las autoridades forestales gubernamentales.

Land tenure institutions in customary land areas of Sub-Saharan Africa have been evolving towards individualized ownership. Communal land tenure institutions aim to achieve and preserve the equitable distribution of land (and hence, income) among community members. Uncultivated forestland is owned by the community or village, and as long as forest land is available, forest clearance of forest is easily approved by the village chief.

The author tells us that Collective action occurs when more than one individual is required to contribute to an effort in order to achieve an outcome. People living in rural areas and using natural resources engage in collective action on a daily basis when they plant or harvest food together; use a common facility for marketing their products; maintain a local irrigation system or patrol a local forest to see that users are following rules; and meet to decide on rules related to all of the above.

"The forest management strategy of Nepal is based on people’s participation, which is known as community forestry. This approach was formally introduced in 1978 to encourage active participation of local people in forest management activities as a means to improve their livelihoods. Under the community forestry structure, local people make decisions regarding forest management, utilization and distribution of benefits from a forest; they are organized as a Community Forest User Group.

This paper analyzes how women’s participation affects institutional outcomes related to the decentralized governance of community forests in Madhya Pradesh, India. The analysis is based on data from a representative sample of 641 cases of joint forest management, India’s flagship program to involve communities in forest governance. We focus on two outcomes relevant for local livelihoods: control of illicit grazing and control of illicit felling in the forest.