This program document presents the World
Bank Group (WBG) FY17-22 Country Partnership Framework (CPF)
for Bulgaria. The timing of the new CPF follows the
preparation of theSystematic Country Diagnostic (SCD)
prepared in FY15, and informs the areas and objectives ofthe
CPF in support of the WBG’s twin goals to reduce poverty and
boost shared prosperity1 for the bottom forty percent of the
population. The CPF proposes to focus WBG support in

This report focuses on two competing forces: the Soviet industrial legacy and

Comprehensive details about Mizoram state and its environmental and
social sensitivities. Mizoram Investment Plan under NERPSIP (GoI & World Bank Funding).

This paper presents first concepts and insights on an International Carbon Asset
Reserve. In particular, it explores how different design options can support a range of networked carbon pricing efforts. The report provides an overview of key risks in carbon markets, highlights the benefits of pooling risks on an aggregated scale,
and identifies potential design options and structures for an international carbon asset reserve. The paper contributes to the wide effort to promote a long-term price on carbon and carbon market stabilization, comparability, and networking.

This joint report on MDB Climate Finance
captures a particular context of activities that
Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) carry out in
developing and emerging economies. The context is built on
the premise that development finance is being provided in a
world shaped by climate change. This is the fourth edition
of the Joint Report on MDB Climate Finance. The report
covers financing for climate change mitigation and

This report seeks to understand the
successes, challenges and opportunities of Cambodia’s
agricultural transformation over the past decade to derive
lessons and insights on how to maintain future agricultural
growth, and particularly on the government’s role in
facilitating it. It is prepared per the request of the
Supreme National Economic Council and the Ministry of
Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries and is based on the

Climate-related hazards have adverse
effects on national growth and poverty reduction, affecting
the poor and several sectors of the economy simultaneously.
At its current rate of growth, Vietnam will become a major
global greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter. The Government of
Vietnam initiated the Climate Public Expenditure and
Investment Review (CPEIR) to advance an understanding of the
current policy and institutional architecture as well as to

After years of strong performance in the
run-up to the European Union (EU) accession, Bulgaria’s
growth has slowed down and poverty remains the highest in
the EU. Bulgaria achieved the highest recorded growth rates
between 2000-08 on the back of exceptionally high capital
inflows, structural reforms, sound fiscal management and the
prospects of EU accession. Employment boomed and poverty
fell steeply. Since 2008 – the year of global economic

This paper informs the national and
international policy discussions related to the adoption of
the United Nations Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and
Forest Degradation Programme. Effective program instruments
must carefully consider incentives, opportunity costs, and
community interactions. A choice experiment survey was
applied to rural Ethiopian communities to understand
respondents’ preferences toward the institutional structure

From 2004 to 2012, Zambia experienced a
combination of good economic policies and high rates of
growth not seen since the early years after its
independence. While growth was mainly driven by rising
copper prices, other factors contributed to Zambia’s ability
to take advantage of this growth. The international debt
relief programs in 2004-2005 almost eliminated public debt
and provided the fiscal space for selective, high-priority

This paper estimate the effects of
collective action in Nepal’s community forests on four
ecological measures of forest quality. Forest user group
collective action is identified through membership in the
Nepal Community Forestry Programme, pending membership in
the program, and existence of a forest user group whose
leaders can identify the year the group was formed. This
last, broad category is important, because many community

What is second-generation biofuel
technology worth to global society? A dynamic, computable
partial equilibrium model (called FABLE) is used to assess
changes in global land use for crops, livestock, biofuels,
forestry, and environmental services, as well as greenhouse
gas emissions, with and without second-generation biofuels
technology. The difference in the discounted stream of
global valuations of land-based goods and services gives the