The objective of the Functional Review
of the Environment, Water and Forestry sector (FR-EWF) is to
help the Government of Romania (GoR) develop an action plan
for implementation over the short- and medium-term to
strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the sector
administration, and provide input to the Government National
Reform Program (NRP 2011- 2013) and beyond, especially in
relation to those functions that support Romania's

Economic growth in Solomon Islands since
the end of civil conflict in 2003 has been driven by rapid
expansion of the forestry sector and large increases in
international aid flows. Stocks of natural forest logs are
nearing exhaustion and, as the security situation improves,
aid flows are likely to flatten off. The Solomon Islands
Government asked the World Bank to investigate future growth
prospects. This note summarizes the findings and presents a

This country note for Macedonia is part
of a series of country briefs that summarize information
relevant to climate change and agriculture for four pilot
countries in the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Region, with
a particular focus on climate and crop projections,
adaptation options, policy development and institutional
involvement. The note series has been developed to provide a
baseline of knowledge on climate change and agriculture for

This country note briefly summarizes
information relevant to both climate change and agriculture
in El Salvador, with focus on policy developments (including
action plans and programs) and institutional make-up. Like
most countries in Latin America, El Salvador has submitted
one national communication to the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with a second one
under preparation. According to the national greenhouse

Carbon accounting and labeling are new
instruments of supply chain management and, in some cases,
of regulation that may affect trade from developing
counties. These instruments are used to analyze and present
information on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from supply
chains with the hope that they will help bring about
reductions of GHGs. The designers of these schemes are
caught in a dilemma: on one hand they have to respond to

Biomass is the most important source of
energy in Rwanda, especially for domestic cooking. Today
approximately 86 percent of primary energy comes from
biomass, mainly in the form of wood that is either used
directly as a fuel (57 percent), or converted into charcoal
(23 percent) together with smaller amounts of crop residues,
and peat (6 percent). In the past, the production of
charcoal in Rwanda was one of the factors that contributed

A carbon tax is an efficient economic
instrument to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide released
from fossil fuel burning. Its impacts on production of
renewable energy depend on how it is designed --
particularly in the context of the penetration of biofuels
into the energy supply mix for road transportation. Using a
multi-sector, multi-country computable general equilibrium
model, this study shows first that a carbon tax with the

Policy makers and development
practitioners who are responsible for developing investment
strategies to promote economic growth find many challenges
in the changing face of agriculture in the twenty-first
century. In addition to its productive role of providing
food, clothing, fuel, and housing for a growing world
population, agriculture assumes other roles, the importance
of which has more recently been recognized. In addition to

The Zambezi River Basin (ZRB) is one of
the most diverse and valuable natural resources in Africa.
Its waters are critical to sustainable economic growth and
poverty reduction in the region. The overall objective of
the Zambezi River Multi-Sector Investment
Opportunity Analysis (MSIOA) is to illustrate the benefits
of cooperation among the riparian countries in the ZRB
through a multi-sectoral economic evaluation of water

This country note for Uzbekistan is part
of a series of country briefs that summarize information
relevant to climate change and agriculture for four pilot
countries in the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Region, with
a particular focus on climate and crop projections,
adaptation options, policy development and institutional
involvement. The note series has been developed to provide a
baseline of knowledge on climate change and agriculture for

This country note briefly summarizes
information relevant to both climate change and agriculture
in Haiti, with focus on policy developments (including
action plans and programs) and institutional make-up. Haiti
has submitted its National Adaptation Plan of Action to the
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC). Land use change and forestry are the largest
contributors to green house gas (GHG) emissions in the

Climate change is already a reality.
This is evidenced by the acceleration of global temperature
increases, the melting of ice and snow covers, and rising
sea levels. Latin America and the Caribbean region (LCR) are
not exempt from these trends, as illustrated by the changes
in precipitation patterns that are already being reported in
the region, as well as by observations of rising
temperatures, the rapid melting of Andean tropical glaciers,