The definition and the subsequent development of eco-industrial parks (EIPs) have been deeply based on the application of industrial ecology theory, which pays specific attention to metabolic exchanges within industrial processes to address a deep reduction of limited resource consumption and a minimization of waste production in the framework of a sustainable development approach.

Traffic congestion has been a major problem in many cities in Indonesia, thus requiring abetter transport policy. Many developed countries, including the United Kingdom, has beenimplementing the integrated transport policy to replace traditional transport policy that focuson only building roads to anticipate traffic demand. This paper provides a highlight on theimplementation of integrated transport policy in the United Kingdom. Some key issues thatcan be learnt by the Indonesian government from their experience are discussed.

Ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) is increasingly being promoted as a cost-effective means of adaptation to climate change. However, in spite of considerable international press, there is still little evidence to substantiate this claim. This study proposes a method through which the cost-effectiveness of EbA strategies can be evaluated against alternative adaptation options, and contributes to South African literature on the subject.

Land reform has traditionally had two objectives: equity and productivity. Food insecurity and the need for agriculture to contribute to development emphasise the need to maintain and improve productivity while improving equitability. Land must foster production and agriculture must attract good human material.

The impairment of landscapes is a concern constantly raised against wind energy developments in Germany
as in other countries. Often, landscapes or landscape types are treated in the literature as essentialist or
at least as uncontested categories. We analyse two examples of local controversies about wind energy, in
which “landscape” is employed by supporters and opponents alike, from a poststructuralist and discourse
theoretical angle. The aim is to identify and compare landscape constructs produced in the micro discourses

Tourism plays an important role on development of economy especially in developing countries. The proposed study of this paper studies the impact of tourism on developing economic factors such as average income, real estate prices, etc. We have distributed 110 questionnaires among different people who are involved in various positions in the regions and analyzed the data. The survey is looking for the impact of tourism industry in terms of economical and social factors for one of the oldest villages in Iran named Maymand.

The scenic quality of a landscape is a natural resource that is to be preserved according to German and international law. One important indicator for the evaluation of this value is the structural diversity of the landscape. Although Landscape Metrics (LM) represent a well-known instrument for the quantification of landscape patterns, they are hardly used in applied landscape and environmental planning. This study shows possibilities for the integration of LM into a commonly used method to assess scenic quality by the example of a Landscape Structure Plan.

During the past few decades, there has been growing interest in water resources management. Presently, there are many areas in middle east facing with shortage of water for agricultural activities. Therefore, there is a growing concern to have efficient usage of water through optimization techniques. This paper presents a study to maximize famers’ revenue by developing a mathematical model subject to some land and water constraints.

Land use and land cover (LULC) and their changes in share and number of classes can be documented by
remote sensing techniques. Information on LULC is needed for the assessment of ecosystem services and
is used as input data for mapping and modelling. This information is important for decision-making and
management of ecosystems and landscapes. In this study, LULC were analysed in two agricultural areas in
Northern Germany by means of a pixel-based maximum likelihood classification approach of 11 Landsat

The enlargement process of the farm, made with the traditional standard of connection, is characterized by the devaluation function of land, until the reform of article 2135 (civil code) that provides to the acknowledgement, among the connected activities, of those aimed to the offer of services, included the activity of valorisation of territory to which are referable the farmed wildlife hunting ground and agritourism farmed wildlife hunting ground. They are expression of the multifunctional farm that realizes, in the rural areas, the diversification of economic activity.

The issue of interest is as to whether it is possible to use the added value generated by the positive effect of having housing developments close to water to abate the negative effects that may arise in some of the same locations. This paper is based on a critical literature review together with expert interviews.

This study provides a wind farm valuation/planning model, for territorial wind energy policies at a provincial scale. With reference to the case of territory of Syracuse, the pattern identifies the best layout of the plants under different conditions. The pattern, based on the integration of spatial-GIS and numeric calculation, provides a wide range of scenarios able to define a trade off energy/information function characterising the decision pattern of a whole land-energy policy.