The main objective of the report is to
analyze the current greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory
process in Romania, and provide recommendations for
improving the system in order to increase the effectiveness
and efficiency of inventory development in compliance with
United Nations framework convention on climate change
(UNFCCC) and European Union (EU) requirements, including
emissions forecasting provisions. This report describes the

The African coastal countries are facing
several environmental and socio-economic challenges, such as
unplanned urban and economic development, fueled by a
growing rural exodus; non-functional or non-existent public
infrastructures to handle the demographic growth along the
coastline; air, water and soil pollution; and alteration of
coastal ecosystems. West Africa, in particular, is facing
severe land losses and major damage due to coastal erosion

Global growth is projected to pick up to 3.4 percent in 2015 and 3.5 percent in 2016, propelled by highincome countries. Developing country growth will benefit from these tailwinds, with growth projected to increase from 4.8 percent in 2014 to 5.5 percent in 2016 broadly in line with potential. Global growth projections for 2014, however, have been marked down from 3.2 percent to 2.8 percent on account of the bumpy start this year, buffeted by poor weather in the United States, financial market turbulence and the conflict in Ukraine.

Unable to cope fully with steadily
climbing world oil prices since mid-2009, many of the 65
countries reviewed in this paper have progressed slowly or
even reversed course in reforming pricing of petroleum
products. End-user prices in July 2012 varied by two orders
of magnitude across the countries. More than two-fifths,
including some that had only recently adopted automatic
pricing mechanisms, froze the prices of gasoline, diesel, or

Two of the great stylized predictions of
development theory, and two of the great expectations of
policy makers as indicators of progress in development, are
inexorable urbanization and inexorable formalization.
Urbanization is indeed happening, beyond the "tipping
point" where half the world's population is now
urban. However, formalization has slowed down significantly
in the past quarter century. Indeed, informality has been

Climate change is a huge challenge for
the agriculture and rural development (ARD) sector in
Romania. On the one hand, agriculture is a source of
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and must therefore be
expected to contribute towards the climate change mitigation
goals of the Europe 2020 strategy. European farmers,
foresters, rural businesses, and other local people
therefore need to start paying much greater attention to

This paper is a review of the experience of the Asian Coalition for Community Action (ACCA) Program operated by the Asian Coalition for Housing Rights (ACHR).

This study, Indus basin of Pakistan: the
impacts of climate risks on water and agriculture was
undertaken at a pivotal time in the region. The weak summer
monsoon in 2009 created drought conditions throughout the
country. This followed an already tenuous situation for many
rural households faced with high fuel and fertilizer costs
and the impacts of rising global food prices. Then
catastrophic monsoon flooding in 2010 affected over 20

Yet the current situation differs from
2007-2008 in critical respects. First, recent international
price increases are more widespread across agricultural
commodities than in 2008, when price spikes were led by few
grains such as wheat and rice. Second, natural resources are
affecting food production: land and water constraints are
more binding than in the past and weather induced production
shortfalls are more of a factor now than it was 2008.

Romania relies on the European
Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) to achieve its
commitments to the European Union (EU) 2020 targets. The use
of the European Agriculture and Rural Development Fund
(EARDF) requires that at least 30 percent of the budget
allocated for rural development as part of the National
Rural Development Plan (NRDP) be spent on the environment
and addressing climate change. The forest sector rapid

This paper reviews the literature on the
potential biophysical and economic impacts of climate change
in the Himalayas. Existing observations indicate that the
temperature is rising at a higher rate in Nepal and Chinese
regions of the Himalayas compared with rest of the
Himalayas. A declining trend of monsoon in the western
Indian Himalayas and an increasing trend in the eastern
Indian Himalayas have been observed, whereas increasing

The Greater Cairo Metropolitan Area
(GCMA), with more than 19 million inhabitants, is host to
more than one-fifth of Egypt's population. The GCMA is
also an important contributor to the Egyptian economy in
terms of GDP and jobs. The population of the GCMA is
expected to further increase to 24 million by 2027, and
correspondingly its importance to the economy will also
increase. Traffic congestion is a serious problem in the