An important proportion of Latin America’s forests are located in indigenous territories, and indigenous peoples are the beneficiaries of about 85% of the area for which local rights to land and forest have been recognized in Latin America since the 1980s. Nevertheless, many of these areas, whether or not rights have been recognized, are subject to threats from colonists, illegal loggers, mining and oil interests and others, whose practices endanger not only the forests but also indigenous people’s territory as a whole.

The meaning of land and land policies is diverse and contested across and within local and (inter)national settings. The phrase 'land policy', used to refer to all policies that have anything to do with land, may be convenient, but it masks the actual complexity of issues. Meanwhile, concern for 'pro-poor' land policy has coincided with the mainstream promotion of efficient administration of land policies, leading to the concept of 'land governance'. Such concepts have enriched discussion on land issues, but they also complicate further an already complex terrain.

Fisheries systems are widely considered to be ‘in crisis’ in both economic and ecological terms, a considerable concern given their global significance to food security, international trade and employment. The most common explanation for the crisis suggests that it is caused by weak and illiberal property regimes. It follows that correcting the crisis involves the creation of private property rights that will restore equilibrium between the profitable, productive function of fishing firms and fish stocks in order to maximize ‘rent’.

Property of law of the landed property completeness and organization of the agriculture reveals in an empery of the owner over the property; variety, completeness of objects of the real rights; will of the owner acting at discretion and in the interest; the wide set of its competences; the system of the real rights protection opportunities for the owner to protect the property rights in the most various ways and means, up to the application of the rei vindicatio and the negaterius claims, unilateral and bilateral restitution, indemnification.

In the conditions of the Republic of Belarus there was shown the necessity of detection and recording of socially-significant sights and brand objects in the process of managing land resources. There was examined the classification of land plots and objects of real estate, which appear to be territory brands. There were determined the main approaches to the formation of the system of such objects on the basic level of state management.

The implementation of land reform has influenced the formation of property structure. The main procedures of land reform activities are stated in Estonian legislation. However, the provisions for determining the area and the boundaries for properties to be formed in the course of land reform are stated in legal acts in an unsystematic way. The aim of this study is to systematize the parcel area and the boundaries determination procedures that are used in the course of land reform for property formation.

This essay outlines an alternative “law and economics” interpretation of the concept of the land market. According to neo-institutional researchers, institutions provide the framework and the rules in a society, including legal regulations.

The Governor of Orissa in exercise of the powers conferred under sub-paragraph (2) of paragraph 5 of the Fifth Schedule of the Constitution of India has promulgated this regulation to Control and Check Transfers of Immovable Property in the Scheduled Areas of the State of Odisha by Scheduled Tribes (ST). Any transfer of immovable property by a member of a ST to non-STs, except by way of mortgage in any public financial institution for securing a loan granted by such institution for any agricultural purpose, shall be absolutely null and void.

This study briefly summarizes the development experiences of special economic zones in China and Africa, the lessons that Africa can learn from China, and the preliminary results of the Chinese investments in special economic zones in Africa. The study makes recommendations on how to unleash the power of special economic zones and industrial zones in Africa through strategically leveraging the Chinese experiences.

The North Eastern Region (NER) in India is endowed with rich energy resources but faces significant bottlenecks in electricity access and availability levels. The per capita power consumption in NER is one-third of the national average. The region has a shortfall of about 500MW installed capacity against peak demand of about 1950 MW. No significant generation capacity has been added in the recent past. Therefore, inadequate power supply continues a critical constraint to sustainable growth and economic development in the NER.

In less than fifty years, Brazil evolved from a predominantly rural society and economy to a highly urbanized country in which 85 percent of its people now live in urban areas and more than 90 percent of the country’s GDP is generated in the cities. This rapid urbanization process was characterized by a lack of planning and an enduring framework of inequality, resulting in high degrees of concentrated poverty in the urban areas. Much of this urbanization has taken place in metropolitan regions (MRs).

As part of a national experiment in 2008, Chengdu prefecture implemented ambitious property rights reforms, including complete registration of all land together with measures to ease transferability and eliminate migration restrictions. A triple difference approach using the Statistics Bureau’s regular household panel suggests that the reforms increased consumption and income, especially for less wealthy and less educated households, with estimated benefits well above the cost of implementation.