Buying, selling and mortgaging farmland
are still rare in Eastern and Central Europe. Not
surprisingly, given the level of risk in many of these
countries, short-term transactions, especially leasing, are
more common. These short-term transactions do almost as well
as land sales in allocating resources. Making them more
secure by improving simple registration and enforcement
systems and increasing public access to information on what

The note summarizes the findings of the
Africa Forest Strategy Paper, which responded to the
problems confronting forest resources in the Sub-Saharan
Africa (SSA), providing a comprehensive overview, and
analysis of the forest sector, and mapping a set of actions
for consideration by African countries. The diagnosis
highlights the nexus between rapid population growth,
environmental degradation, and poor agricultural

Infrastructure's interactions with
and importance to the economies of developing countries have
not been fully understood. This is evident in the
Bank's approach to sector work in infrastructure and in
its structural adjustment programs, which emphasize
adjusting prices to the detriment of a country's
infrastructure. Still, the available evidence indicates that
in poorer countries with inadequate infrastructure,

Petroleum supply reforms could yield
huge savings. Training flourishes in the informal sector.
Credit is a constraint to enterprise development. cAN Africa
pay for its universities. How to double Sub-Saharan
Africa's agricultural growth rate. Upgrading farming
systems in the Sahel. Agricultural research is being revitalized.

An issue which has generated much
concern has been the potential link between low incomes and
resource degradation. This report presents the results of a
study which investigated this question. Machakos District is
a relatively low income and agriculturally marginal district
in Kenya. Before World War II the colonial administration
was concerned that land degradation was becoming severe
under the pressure of population, aggravated by drought. The

A PRESIDENTA DA REPÚBLICA, no uso das atribuições que lhe confere o art. 84, caput, incisos IV eVI, alínea “a”, da Constituição, e tendo em vista o disposto no art. 50 da Lei nº 10.711, de 5 de agosto de 2003, e no art. 11 da Lei nº 10.831, de 23 de dezembro de 2003,  

DECRETA: 

A Green Growth Investment Framework for the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania

2011 was the first year of operation of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS). CCAFS brings together the work of all 15 international Centres in the CGIAR, and is a joint programme between the CGIAR and the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP). 2011 was a start-up year in terms of introducing a new way of working across Centres, but it was also a year of considerable research effort. Work was initiated in the field at many sites, and baseline surveys were completed in three regions on two continents.

This report provides tentative leads
toward such policy prescriptions, based on an overview of
the empirical evidence. Chapter one sets the stage by
putting Africa's export-survival performance into
perspective and proposing a framework that will guide the
interpretation of empirical evidence throughout the report.
Chapter two covers country-level determinants of export
sustainability at origin and destination, including the

This Interim Report has been prepared mid-way through the study as a record of the study team's initial findings and as a roadmap for completion of the assessment. 

38 000 habitants seront déplacées lors de la construction du barrage de Kandadji au Niger. Nous avons réalisé une étude sur les aspects juridiques de ce déplacement, en examinant des moyens permettant à l’État d’optimiser son investissement tout en veillant à ce que la compensation des populations déplacées soit juste. Cette étude pèse le pour et le contre des différents modes de gestion des processus juridiques au sein des zones affectées par un barrage.