In 2005, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA, 2005) provided the first comprehensive report on global ecosystems, the dependence of human societies on the services provided, current state, and likely future trajectory. The MA identified the failure to value ecosystem services as a major contributing cause. The 2001 environment strategy did not explicitly address environmental valuation, although the focus on poverty and environment implies a need for valuing natural resources and environmental services.

This report presents a concise review of the major environmental and natural resources issues at the global and national level over the coming two decades. The environmental issues reviewed include air pollution and deterioration of air quality, greenhouse gas emissions and climate change, water quality, scarcity and access, land and soil degradation, deforestation and forest degradation, natural disaster, loss of biodiversity and protected areas, and governance and institutions for environmental and natural resource management.

De nos jours, les problématiques comme le changement climatique et la sécurité alimentaire nécessitent des approches multidisciplinaires et l’action des parties prenantes dans le processus d’apprentissage social afin de pouvoir trouver des moyens d’existence capables de s’adapter. Cela nécessite davantage d’information, de connaissances et de participation qui placent les besoins en actions de communication planifiées au centre des initiatives de développement (CSDI).

Compelling issues such as climate change and food security require multidisciplinary approaches and multistakeholder action in the process of social learning for adaptive livelihoods. This entails an increasing demand for information, knowledge and participation that puts the need for planned communication activities at the centre of development initiatives. The paper provides a conceptual framework to participatory communication applied to climate change adaptation and food security.

Un enfoque de comunicación para la adaptación al cambio climático y la Seguridad Alimentaría Asuntos ineludibles como el cambio climático y la seguridad alimentaría requieren de enfoques multidisciplinarios así como de la participación de múltiples actores en procesos de aprendizaje social para alcanzar modos de vida adaptativos. Esto implica una demanda creciente de información, conocimientos y participación, que evidencia la necesidad de planificar actividades de comunicación como eje de las iniciativas de desarrollo.

Current international financing (primarily ODA) for environmental services in developing countries is very roughly estimated to be upwards of $21 billion annually (not including climate change financing), but additional resources on the order of tens, if not hundreds, of billions of dollars are needed. In 2009, environmental ODA was estimated at $18 billion with a few billion more delivered through philanthropic and market-based financing channels.

Nalee's views on the understanding of their land rights.

But de l’Initiative sur les politiques foncières 

L’Initiative sur les politiques foncières vise principalement à « aider les États membres dans la mise en oeuvre de la Déclaration de l’Union africaine sur les problèmes et enjeux fonciers en Afrique, conformément aux Cadre et directives pour les politiques foncières en Afrique, afin de réaliser le développement socioéconomique, la paix, la sécurité et le respect de l’environnement ». 

Backed by sound economic policies and until the global crisis, a buoyant global economy, many developing countries made significant movement toward achieving the 2015millennium Development Goals (MDGs), particularly those for poverty reduction, gender parity in education, and reliable access to safe water. But even before the global economic crisis, progress in achieving some MDGs, especially those on child and maternal mortality, primary school completion, hunger, and sanitation, was lagging. The global food, fuel and economic crises have set back progress to the MDGs.

The Framework and Guidelines on Land Policy is a joint product of the partnership and collaborative effort of the African Union Commission (AUC), the UN Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) and the African Development Bank (AfDB) to promote Africa’s socioeconomic development, through inter alia, agricultural transformation and modernisation. Initiated in 2006, the aim of the Land Policy Initiative (LPI) was to examine land policy issues and challenges in Africa with a view to developing a framework to strengthen land rights, enhance productivity and improve livelihoods.

En 2006, la Commission de l’Union Africaine (CUA), la Commission Economique pour l’Afrique (CEA) et la Banque africaine de Développement (BAD) ont unis leurs efforts dans le cadre d’une initiative désormais connue sous le nom d’Initiative conjointe sur les politiques foncières en Afrique. L’objectif de cette initiative était de travailler sur les problèmes et enjeux relatifs aux politiques foncières en Afrique, dans la perspective du développement d’un cadre visant le renforcement des droits fonciers, l’accroissement de la productivité et l’amélioration des conditions de vie.

The international system has witnessed dramatic changes in the recent past. Questions relating to how and when ordinary citizens can stand against oppression, injustice, and abuse without resorting to violence challenge all of us to rethink our understanding of international peace and conflict. As academicians, educators, practitioners, private citizens, and students, what is our role in this increasingly complex global picture? What can we do to nurture and preserve international security and world peace?