Good estimates of ecosystem complexity are essential for a number of ecological tasks: from biodiversity estimation, to forest structure variable retrieval, to feature extraction by edge detection and generation of multifractal surface as neutral models for e.g. feature change assessment. Hence, measuring ecological complexity over space becomes crucial in macroecology and geography. Many geospatial tools have been advocated in spatial ecology to estimate ecosystem complexity and its changes over space and time.

The paper analyzes the provision with spatial information and the mode of its use in rural municipalities. The purpose of this study is to examine the ensurance with spatial information about natural capital within the ATU. The study examines the content and issues faced by local authorities while collecting and managing spatial information . There are given some proposals on the development of the Information System of the locality.

The paper examines the pace of land acquisitions in terms of creating legislative and policy options to safeguard local communities that are directly affected, including compensation for land that is taken, and protecting community interests in the socio-economic and environmental continuum of investment projects, from design to implementation. The absence or weakness of formal landholding and land registration systems was evident in most research sites in Isiolo and Lamu.

Guidance and security in large public buildings such as airports, museums and shopping malls requires much more information that traditional 2D methods offer. Therefore 3D semantically-reach models have been actively investigated with the aim to gather knowledge about availability and accessibility of spaces. Spaces can be unavailable to specific users because of plenty of reasons: the 3D geometry of spaces (too low, too narrow), the properties of the objects to be guided to a specific part of the building (walking, driving, flying), the status of the indoor environment (e.g.

La industrialización agrícola en el sigo XX provocó una transformación en los procesos del sistema agroalimentario, que trajo consigo la desconexión del productor con el consumidor. En la actualidad, mientras que la mayoría de los consumidores sólo optan por la adquisición de alimentos para satisfacer las necesidades básicas de nutrición; otros consumidores empiezan a interesarse por la dimensión social, ambiental, cultural, territorial y de salud que engloba el hecho alimentario.

La industrialización agrícola en el sigo XX provocó una transformación en los procesos del sistema agroalimentario, que trajo consigo la desconexión del productor con el consumidor. En la actualidad, mientras que la mayoría de los consumidores sólo optan por la adquisición de alimentos para satisfacer las necesidades básicas de nutrición; otros consumidores empiezan a interesarse por la dimensión social, ambiental, cultural, territorial y de salud que engloba el hecho alimentario.

Tanzania is endowed with numerous resources including livestock. It is number three country in Africa in terms of livestock population after Ethiopia and Sudan. Currently, the country (Tanzania) has more than 22 million livestock, of which at least 95% are indigenous animals kept under traditional livelihood model known as indigenous pastoralism. At least 70% of Tanzanians earn their living through agro-pastoralism whereby around 40% of them entirely practices indigenous pastoralism.

This document provides a clear and comprehensive account for the application of marine spatial planning (MSP) within the Regional Commission for Fisheries (RECOFI) region. It builds on regional technical workshops, held under the auspices of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), aimed principally at improving the prospects for fisheries and aquaculture in the Near East. Marine spatial planning provides a step-by-step process that allows for the cooperative integration of the major marine uses and users within a defined marine area.

The Land Cover Atlas of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was initially prepared in the framework of the FA O Government Cooperative Programme under the auspices of the project on “Strengthening Agricultural Economics, Market Information and Statistics Services”. The project was formulated upon the request from the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and funded by the European Commission. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FA O) provided technical assistance as the executing agency in close cooperation with all parties.

Land acquisitions, either driven by foreign investments or domestic investment needs have continued to polarize opinions. When this research was proposed, it was premised on arguments by scholars Ruth Meinzen-Dick and Helen Markelova, who had analysed agricultural land deals, and argued that there were potentially two schools of thought about foreign acquisitions over agricultural land.

Kenya is going through a period of intense transition. The country's main development policy, Vision 2030, is just entering the second Medium Term Plan of Implementation from 2013. The development priorities focus extensively on large scale investments, for industrial, irrigated agriculture, utilization of newly discovered natural resources, and infrastructure development. Land is therefore a central commodity for realization of the sought after socioeconomic transformation.

Cities and Urban Areas play a crucial role as engines of development as well as centers of connectivity, creativity, innovation, and as service hubs for the surrounding areas. Kenya has experienced unprecedented urban growth. At independence the urban population was about 8%. This had grown to be about 40% by 2015. It is projected that by year 2030 at least half of the Kenyan population will be urbanized. The rapid rate of urbanization exerts increased pressure on authorities to meet the needs of growing urban populations.