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Rich Periphery, Poor Center: Myanmar's Rural Economy

Reports & Research
February, 2004
Myanmar

Abstract:
"This paper looks at the case of Myanmar in order to investigate the behavior and welfare of
rural households in an economy under transition from a planned to a market system. Myanmar's
case is particularly interesting because of the country's unique attempt to preserve a policy of
intervention in land transactions and marketing institutions. A sample household survey that we
conducted in 2001, covering more than 500 households in eight villages with diverse

Agricultural Marketing Reform and Rural Economy in Myanmar

Reports & Research
January, 2004
Myanmar

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of marketing reforms implemented in the late 1980s in Myanmar. Particular emphasis is placed on the impact of the reform on the rural economy and its participants, namely farmers, landless laborers and marketing intermediaries. The reform had a positive effect on all these participants through the creation of employment opportunities and increased income.

HIV/AIDS and food crises

December, 2003

To effectively address the interactions between HIV/AIDS and food insecurity, there's a need to fill knowledge gaps. strengthen capacity, and learn-by-doing in partnership with people who are directly affected." -- from Text

Why is child malnutrition lower in urban than rural areas?

Reports & Research
December, 2003
Latin America and the Caribbean
Africa
Asia

"While ample evidence documents that urban children generally have better nutritional status than their rural counterparts, recent research suggests that urban malnutrition is on the rise. The environment, choices, and opportunities of urbanites differ greatly from those of rural dwellers' from employment conditions to social and family networks to access to health care and other services.

Public expenditure, growth, and poverty reduction in rural Uganda

Reports & Research
December, 2003
Africa

"Using district-level data for 1992, 1995, and 1999, the study estimated effects of different types of government expenditure on agricultural growth and rural poverty in Uganda. The results reveal that government spending on agricultural research and extension improved agricultural production substantially. This type of expenditure had the largest measured returns to growth in agricultural production. Agricultural research and extension spending also has the largest assessed impact on poverty reduction.

The effect of WTO and FTAA on agriculture and the rural sector in Latin America

Reports & Research
December, 2003
Latin America and the Caribbean

In this paper we analyze the effect on output, employment and poverty of two (2) alternative versions of further trade liberalization -- one representing free trade world wide (WTO) and the other a Western hemisphere free trade bloc (FTAA). The paper introduces international commodity price changes derived from a world model into national Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) and microsimulation models for fifteen (15) Latin American countries to estimate how FTAA and WTO would affect sectoral output, employment, wages and poverty levels at the national level for each of the countries.

Os direitos da mulher à terra e os movimentos sociais rurais na reforma agrária brasileira

Journal Articles & Books
December, 2003
Latin America and the Caribbean
South America
Brazil

Este artigo examina a evolução da reivindicação dos direitos da mulher à terra na reforma agrária brasileira sob o prisma dos três principais movimentos sociais rurais: o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), os sindicatos rurais e o movimento autônomo de mulheres rurais. O mérito maior por levantar a questão dos direitos da mulher à terra é das mulheres dentro dos sindicatos rurais.

Report on human settlements : African regional implementation review for the Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD-12)

Reports & Research
December, 2003
Africa

Africa is the fastest urbanizing region in the world, with the population doubling almost every

20 years. The rural population is growing at a rate of 2.5 per cent per annum, while the urban

population is experiencing 5-10 per cent growth per annum. Urbanization becomes a source

of concern when the challenges it poses are far beyond the national management capacity.