Antibiotics have revolutionised medicine in the last century and enabled the prevention of bacterial infections that were previously deemed untreatable. However, in parallel, bacteria have increasingly developed resistance to antibiotics through various mechanisms. When resistant bacteria find their way into terrestrial and aquatic environments, animal and human exposures increase, e.g., via polluted soil, food, and water, and health risks multiply.

There is a paucity of scientific information regarding gender norms and social transformation in the Sub-Saharan region. This has contributed to the insufficient articulation of gender issues in the proposed agricultural programmes and visions, such as the African Union’s Agenda 2063 and the Malabo Declaration. These efforts premise the transformation of the African continent on the foundation of the agricultural sector, a critical pillar in most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Future climate models indicate an enhanced severity of regional drought and frequent rewetting events, which may cause cascading impacts on soil nitrogen cycle and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, but the underlying microbial mechanism remains largely unknown. Here we report an incubation study that examined the impacts of soil moisture status and nitrification inhibitor (DCD) on the N2O-producers and N2O-reducers following the application of urea and composted swine manure in an acid soil.

Undesirable changes in surface water and groundwater resources and land quality for biophysical and institutional reasons will further endanger the livelihoods of people in Central Asia. The farmers' understanding of these problems and the adaptation and solution strategies they opt for are the critical variables in devising relevant policies. Our findings captured significant disparities between farmer-perceived water shortages and officially documented water availability, as well as soil salinity discrepancies.

Pakistan is highly dependent on irrigated agriculture for employment, income generation and food security—around 90 percent of all food production relies on either surface or groundwater irrigation. The growing dependence of agriculture but also industries and the drinking water sector on groundwater has led to the overexploitation of groundwater resources and, in some areas, to the deterioration of groundwater quality. Fiscal incentives for solarization of irrigation/drinking water pumps are likely to further increase water withdrawals and make water governance more complex.

Context and backgroundAlthough a growing body of literature maintains that riparian reserves are infrequently conserved, a knowledge gap exists on how their status may be assessed through a triangulation of spatial and temporal approaches.Goal and Objectives:This study, therefore, sought to investigate through geospatial analysis the extent to which riparian reserves in Kenya were conserved as provided for under the legislation.

Mining And Its Implications On Food Security In Amansie West And South Districts, Ghana.

Spatio-Temporal Measurements Of Urban Sprawl Dynamics In Oyo Town, Nigeria

 The area along North Wollo Amhara and neighbouring Afare regional states have been exposed to small scale prolonged violent communal resource conflicts. Many factors drive and triggers for these violent conflicts which includes institutional, political, economic, and environmental change. Therefore, the objective of the research is to explore the practices, effectiveness and challenges of the communal resource conflict resolution and management institutions through case study research design.  To answer these objectives, we used survey, interview, and Focus group discussion.

Contexte et contexte La variabilité climatique est une réalité au Burkina Faso, et les catastrophes naturelles en sont les effets visibles. Cela pose d’énormes défis tant aux gouvernements qu’aux populations locales. Cependant, il est difficile de mettre en œuvre une véritable politique sans comprendre le phénomène et ses conséquences sociales et environnementales.

Context and backgroundExtreme heat is one of the challenges facing urban areas. Though this constitutes a global urban challenge, especially large cities in the world, Urban studies have barely paid attention to urban heat.Goal and Objectives:This study attempts to respond to the research gap through drawing on early warning systems to explore community and governments to extreme heat, in particular, how residents adapt to extreme heat in Dar es Salaam.Methodology:Kigogo ward in the city of Dar es Salaam was selected as a case study area.