• Climate change has led to increased production risks especially for smallholder farmers who often tend to be more vulnerable
• Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has several climate change hotspots and is more vulnerable to weather shocks compared to other regions.
• >363 million people affected by drought between 1980-2014 causing > US$31 billion in losses – with 19 billion in East Africa (FAO, 2015)
• Agricultural insurance is a risk management tool for extreme weather events; however, its coverage remains lowest in SSA (Hess and Hazell, 2016).

Climate change impact has no global and gender boundary, yet how gender norms mediate crop farmers' responsive approaches to rapid climate warming received little attention. Men and women crop smallholder farmers in Nasarawa state experience the impacts of rapid climate warming differently. This study examines the gender-responsive approaches to rapid climate warming among crop smallholder farmers in Nasarawa. Temperature data for 36 years was used to establish change.

This study utilizes a recursive dynamic general equilibrium model calibrated with data for Tanzania to explore the link between agricultural and rural development spending and four development outcomes: economic growth, job creation, poverty reduction, and diet quality. Results show that no single expenditure option is the most effective in achieving all four desired development outcomes for Tanzania.

CONTEXT: Global and national agricultural development policies normally tend to focus more on enhancing farm productivity through technological changes than on better use of existing technologies. The role of improving technical efficiency in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction from crop production is the least explored area in the agricultural sector. But improving technical efficiency is necessary in the context of the limited availability of existing natural resources (particularly land and water) and the need for GHG emission reduction from the agriculture sector.

Agriculture in general and ranches contribute significantly to the sustainability of poor and marginalized farmers. To meet the future requirements of an increasing population, animal productivity must be significantly increased. Animal production is increasingly influenced by a variety of external factors. This includes increasing demand for animal products and an inadequate supply of feed ingredients due to competition in natural resources and trade barriers. At the same time, there is growing concern about livestock and its health consequences.

Agriculture is threatened by ever increasing temperatures and this trend is predicted to continue for the near and distant future. The negative impact of rising temperatures on agri-food systems is also compounded by the erratic and highly variable rainfall in most parts of southern Africa. Minimum and maximum temperatures’ variability and trend analysis were undertaken using daily time series data derived from 23 meteorological stations spread across Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa and Zimbabwe.

Tracking agriculture and land-use greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is necessary to inform global climate policy, yet UNFCCC country-reported data and three independent global databases show inconsistent estimates of countries’ emissions. Data for developing countries are particularly inconsistent, yet also collectively the largest source of emissions.

Introduction From 2018 to 2022, the Koronivia Joint Working Group on Agriculture (KJWA) was the key forum for debating global agricultural change and integrating agricultural transformation priorities into the mechanisms of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

Achieving gender and social equality in agri-food systems can result in greater food security and better nutrition for all—and transform food systems to be more just, resilient and sustainable. Equitable food systems are essential to achieving SDG 5, whose gender equality goal is intrinsically valuable and whose achievement supports progress across all other SDGs. Current thinking has evolved from focusing on gender gaps to enabling gender-transformative change in agri-food systems, fostering gender and social equality and women’s empowerment.

Climate-informed crop intelligence technologies are vital for building the resilience of food systems against the impacts of extremes in climate variation and climate change. As a result, agricultural policymakers, practitioners, and planners have used them to make tactical and strategic decisions, including estimating agricultural inputs needed months before the crop-growing season, selecting potential management practices, estimating crop performance and yields under various seasonal climate forecast scenarios, and providing anticipatory options against climate change.

Malawi has suffered from weak economic growth since its independence in 1964. Over 50 percentof the population live below the poverty line, unable to produce enough or to otherwise obtain suffi cient income to meet all of their basic needs. Poverty is concentrated in rural areas. Smallholder agriculture dominates employment in rural Malawi. However, with continuing population growth, the average landholding size for smallholder farming households is declining, resulting in many being unable to produce sufficient food to meet their own needs.

This toolkit covers topics such as: the impact of climate change on African agriculture and food systems; how we can transform African agriculture and food systems for a more sustainable and climate resilient future; the important national, regional, continental, and global initiatives to promote climate-smart agriculture, in Africa and worldwide; how to investigate and report key developments to target specific stakeholders, decision makers, networks towards desired behavior change; how to engage and report upcoming policy events (e.g., COP28); and how to engage with AICCRA partners on h