The health of nomadic pastoralists is influenced by factors specific to their way of life.
Nomadic pastoralists depend on their livestock for subsistence, especially on the livestock’s
milk. Veterinary services provide vaccination against feared livestock diseases such as
anthrax. Agents transmissible between livestock and humans (zoonotic agents) may have an
important impact on the health status of pastoralists because they live in close contact to their
animals. However, morbidity of nomadic pastoralists in Chad had not been documented and

Parasitic nematodes, especially
Haemonchus contortus,
are among the most common and
economically important causes of infectious
diseases of sheep and goats owned by
pastoralists and small holder farm
ers in East Africa. In Kenya, control of these infections
mainly relies on the use of anthelmintic dr
ugs. However, ethnoveteri
nary medicine (EVM)
preparations are widely used by pastoralists
and small holder farmers (SHF) for treatment
of their livestock agains

Landscape approaches can be subjected to mistakenly targeting a single “best” level of governance, and paying too little attention to the role that cross-scale and cross-level interactions play in governance. In rangeland settings, resources, patterns of use of those resources, and the institutions for managing the resources exist at multiple levels and scales.

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) schemes are gaining popularity as an environmental and development policy tool. Spurred by environmental motives, different financial and non-financial incentive schemes are designed to create positive social and environmental impact. Although the experience of PES implementation is relatively significant in the agricultural, forestry and to a certain degree marine sector, the application of PES for pastoralists in rangeland settings is limited.

Introduction: An electronic syndromic surveillance system for collecting, collating and analysing animal health and meat inspection records in Marsabit County, Kenya has been developed.