Na década de 1990 as principais motivações para a emergência de novos conflitos agrários na região, agora não somente pela luta pelos direitos trabalhistas violados pelos patrões, mas antes de tudo, pela reforma agrária, pela democratização e acesso a terra das antigas usinas falidas. A região passa a ocupar um lugar de destaque no enfrentamento da questão agrária no estado.

La Comunidad Indígena de Carhuancho y otras cercanas, en Huancavelica, Perú, se ven amenazadas por actividades extractivas desde el 2006 de ser despojadas de parte de sus tierras y del agua que en forma natural recorre sus valles donde ejercitan la actividad ganadera alpaquera. Las autoridades del gobierno nacional autorizaron proyectos de trasvase de recursos hídricos.

Secure access to productive land is critical to poverty, acknowledging the complexity and
dynamics of evolving rural realities; (b) identify
the major implications of that relationship for
IFAD’s strategy and programme development
and implementation; (c) articulate guiding
principles for mainstreaming land issues in
the Fund’s main operational instruments and
processes; and (d) provide the framework for
the subsequent development of operational
guidelines and decision tools.
In this policy, land refers to farmland,

This background briefing reports on a study of land access
for returnees in Rwanda, and the impacts of land access
policies in the post-conflict period. It also seeks to
understand better the roles international humanitarian
agencies and NGOs have played, and how their performance
can be improved. It is not suggested that Rwanda is typical,
but rather that the centrality of land issues there has thrown
up a revealing set of broader questions.

Most of the world’s poor work in the “informal economy” – outside of recognized and enforceable rules.
Thus, even though most have assets of some kind, they have no way to document their possessions
because they lack formal access to legally recognized tools such as deeds, contracts and permits.
The Commission on Legal Empowerment of the Poor (CLEP) is the first global anti-poverty initiative
focusing on the link between exclusion, poverty and law, looking for practical solutions to the challenges

Female-headed households often experience inequalities in access to resources and income-generating opportunities. Conflicts may make women poorer. But it is important to realise that conflicts also offer an opportunity for change in which gender stereotypes shift and gender roles and identities can be renegotiated. Did genocide and civil war in Rwanda lead to new opportunities for rural women?

Large-scale land acquisitions by investors, which are often called ‘land grabs’ (see next section for de nition), can deprive rural women and communities of their livelihoods and land, increasing their food insecurity. This report argues that the current rise in land grabbing needs to be urgently addressed, and focuses
on the actions that developing countries can take to mitigate land grabs through strengthening national land governance so that it is transparent, is accountable and protects communities’ rights.

Women constitute the majority of small farmers, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Yet, in countries around the world, they continue to be denied the right to own the ground that they cultivate and on which they raise their families. This publication, “Women’s Land and Property Rights in Situations of Conflict and Reconstruction,” presents a diversity of views and experiences that describe the multiple strategies being used in countries worldwide to secure women's rights to land and property.

En el marco de la sistematización de experiencias inspiradoras de acceso, retorno y apego a la tierra y a los territorios en toda Sudamérica y el Segundo Encuentro de Jóvenes por la Tierra Guasca, Colombia 2015

Whoever is thinking of returning to the field but still does not decide, has in this documentary a very inspiring story. The Murillo Barajas family, which has formed the small iniciative ECOMUBA, Ecológico Murillo Barajas, in Gusca, Colombia, tells in this documentary how it makes possible agro-ecological production and how the countryside is an economic and living option. 

Protagonizado por pobladores, autoridades originarias, representantes del Consejo de Ancianos y niños de la comunidad, el documental Territorio de Lomerío: del refugio a la autonomía indígena, refleja todo el proceso de un exitoso y emblemático caso de acceso colectivo a tierras por parte del pueblo Chiquitano de la comunidad indígena campesina de Lomerío en Santa Cruz de la Sierra Bolivia.

Indigenous authorities, representatives of the Council of older people and children are the main protagonists of the documentary “Indigenous territory of Lomerío: from shelter to indigenous autonomy”, that reflects the whole process of a successful and emblematic collective access to land by the Chiquitano people in Santa Cruz, Bolivia.