In Africa, agriculture is the most important sector in national economies. About 80 per cent of the active population works in agriculture. Further, apart from few exceptions, agriculture makes up more than 50 percent of gross national product. Nevertheless, Africa remains the only region in the world in which agricultural production declined between 1970 and 1980, when the growth rate was less than 2 per cent and moreover the gross national product (GNP) per head is one of the lowest in the world.

This study attempts to identify the main obstacles to progress and the developments possible. It would therefore be wrong to consider it as a first agricultural plan for Africa, similar to the one called for recently by the Ghanaian Ministry of Agriculture.

L'Afrique au sud du Sahara ou se situent les pays africains les moins avances a été décrite comme la seule grande région du monde ou le taux de croissance démographique continue à croître et ou la production alimentaire par habitant a baissé au cours des vingt-cinq dernières années. Il est tout a fait évident que les pays africains les moins avancés doivent faire face a un problème d'autosuffisance alimentaire. Les secteurs des exportations et de l'alimentation des pays africains les moins avancés ont cédé le pas a la crainte de l’avenir.

This study, which is part of in-depth studies on the economies of African least developed countries envisaged in the ECA Medium-term Plan for the period 1984—1989, underscores the objective of the attainment of food self—sufficiency as a priority area called for in such key documents, as Freetown Declaration (November 1976) of Ministers of Agriculture, the Regional Food Plan for Africa (l978) the Monrovia Declaration of Commitment on Guidelines and Measures for National and Collective self-reliance in social and Economic Development for the Establishment of a New Economic Order (July 1979),

The project identification, preparation, appraisal and loan negotiation capabilities of the Research and Planning Section of the MOAC should be further strengthened preferably with technical assistance from outside.

The first four years of the 1990s indicate that African economies have grown by a mere 1.5 per cent per annum worse than during the "lost decade" of the 1980s when Africa's economic annual growth rate was on average 1.8 per cent during the period 1980-1990. This growth is barely half of the rate of growth of Africa's population and is well below the annual average growth target of 4 per cent set by the World Food Conference in 1974, and still worse than the 6 per cent set in the United Nations New Agenda for the Development of Africa in the 1990s.

Cette station qui depend du Ministere du développement et du tourisme

est dirigée par l'ingenieur assiste d'un technlcien.

Prom several converging estimates, world's population is expected to reach 6.1 billion by the year 2000 or 1.7 billion more than in 1980. Most of the increase in population will be generated by developing countries in general and by African countries in particular. This means there will have to be a substantial increase in world food production of at least 50 percent.

Ce rapport parle à propos des propositions relatives à la planification agricole interrégional en Afrique.

This paper focuses on the the main purpose of the seminar that was; To determine what is known of the economics of modern technical inputs in African agriculture in terms of the physical and value responses to expenditures on them; To identify those areas in which information vital to policy is lacking; To propose a specific programme for obtaining required data through the co-operation of research institutions.

Les pays de l'Afrique du Sahel sont soumis, et particulièrement au cours des dernières décennies, aux à aléas climatiques et éprouvent de ce fait les plus grandes difficultés à assurer leur autosuffisance alimentaire. Les populations rurales confrontées à un milieu de plus en plus hostile délaissent les campagnes pour migrer et venir grossir les effectifs des populations urbaines non productives.