Date: mai 2018

Source: Foncier & Développement

Par: Sina Schlimmer

Pendant les dix dernières années, l’appropriation massive des terres arables par des entreprises internationales en Afrique a rythmé les débats au sein des communautés médiatiques, politiques et scientifiques à l’échelle internationale.

Successive governments in India have emphasized the need for industrial expansion and privatization as the foundation for economic stability and growth. This focus has led to the policy-induced transformation of rural and peri-urban landscapes into use for industry and infrastructure. These transformations have caused social conflicts and ecological impacts for land and resource-dependent people.

Since the 1960s, and particularly in the last decade, Southeast Asia has been attracting significant foreign investments. Myanmar, despite its land titling and registration tangles, is no exception. Investors all across the globe are vying for a piece of the “Golden Land” and the country is responding with equal fervor. The building of a modern industrialized nation through agricultural development is one of the country's economic objectives. Foreign investments are being encouraged, private businesses are being pushed, and attractive tax and duty rebates are being offered.

Since the 1960s, and particularly in the last decade, Southeast Asia has been attracting significant foreign investments. Myanmar, despite its land titling and registration tangles, is no exception. Investors all across the globe are vying for a piece of the “Golden Land” and the country is responding with equal fervor. The building of a modern industrialized nation through agricultural development is one of the country's economic objectives. Foreign investments are being encouraged, private businesses are being pushed, and attractive tax and duty rebates are being offered.

Over the last 50 years, most Asian countries have gone through a shift from subsistence agricultural systems to industrialized economies. In Indonesia, the major shift came in 1966, when General Suharto successfully staged a military coup. Under his presidency, Indonesia experienced the “New Order”. A key aspect of this regime was trade and industrial expansion. Changes were made to foreign and domestic investment laws to facilitate growth, including the removal of most controls on private investments.

ABSTRACTED FROM LA VIA CAMPESINA PRESS RELEASE: The UN Declaration aims to better protect the rights of all rural populations including peasants, fisherfolks, nomads, agricultural workers and indigenous peoples and to improve living conditions, as well as to strengthen food sovereignty, the fight against climate change and the conservation of biodiversity. The endorsement of the UN Declaration also constitutes an important contribution to the international community’s effort to promote family farming and peasant agriculture.

The tool presented in this guide aims to assist policy-makers and land administrators to adopt appropriate technologies and methodologies for land administration services more efficiently, cost effectively and with options most appropriately tailored to national and sub-national contexts. It was developed after recognizing the need to modernize the budgetary approach to land agencies and to provide effective, cost-efficient, affordable and sustainable services, particularly in developing countries.

Pinto, L. H. (2015). Conflictos Ambientales y apropiación de territorios rurales en Brasil y Argentina, un análisis a partir de los actores sociales involucrados : estudio comparativo de la acción internacional de La Vía Campesina (Tesis de Doctorado). Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Bernal, Argentina.

La tenencia de la tierra productiva se ha localizado, de manera histórica, en el eje de la conflictividad entre los sectores vinculados al agro. Las reformas agrarias de las que ha sido partícipe el Ecuador, no han logrado cambiar las estructuras de desigualdad en la distribución de la tierra de manera significativa, mientras que en la actualidad nos situamos en un panorama de incertidumbre frente a la acción estatal y de los colectivos involucrados.

El propósito es el análisis de la política agraria del peronismo, en un particular contexto marcado por las grandes modificaciones en el funcionamiento del capitalismo -que se exhiben en un ámbito dominado por la situación de crisis generalizada- y donde el capital financiero cumple un rol fundamental en los procesos económicos y políticos: los comienzos de la década de 1970. Se trata de un período histórico complejo en el que es posible advertir contradicciones y variaciones políticas y socio económicas que se suceden a un ritmo impetuoso y apremiante.

En el presente artículo buscamos un doble objetivo. Por un lado, realizar una propuesta metodológica de lectura y análisis de presupuestos implícitos en los archivos estatales de tierras, construidos por el estado de la Provincia de Chubut. Por otro, nos abocamos al interior del discurso estatal a reconstruir las premisas que articularon las relaciones interétnicas entre el estado provincial y las familias indígenas, autoidentificadas como mapuche y mapuche-tehuelche.

En el presente artículo buscamos un doble objetivo. Por un lado, realizar una propuesta metodológica de lectura y análisis de presupuestos implícitos en los archivos estatales de tierras, construidos por el estado de la Provincia de Chubut. Por otro, nos abocamos al interior del discurso estatal a reconstruir las premisas que articularon las relaciones interétnicas entre el estado provincial y las familias indígenas, autoidentificadas como mapuche y mapuche-tehuelche.