Modern agriculture development possibilities are highly dependent on many factors, including those which are related to the parameters of land spatial structure (including parcels fragmentation and parameters related to their shape). In particular, unfavourable shape of parcels in combination with their small sizes is the most common reason for non-profitability of agricultural production. It is one of the major causes of land abandonment. South Poland is the area of high diversification in terms of the landform, soil quality and spatial structure parameters.

This paper attempts to understand the thoughts of the farmers and other residents in the Minamiyama area of Inagi at the respective time, taking into consideration the long history of development planning, changes in the use of land, and the land readjustment project that has been underway. Local farmers sold land in Minamiyama, operated real estate businesses, Land readjustment brought about by the City Planning Act helped the farmers.

Land is a non-renewable resource with limited availability and, therefore, a very important issue is the preservation of useful properties of land and comprehensive and sustainable land use. The process of land and soil degradation (decline of properties) leading to the formation of degraded land have been observed due to the influence of various economic activities and environmental conditions.

Assessment of ecosystem services has been set a strategically important role in the European Union countries, including it to the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020. The EU Biodiversity Strategy determines that “Member States, with the assistance of the Commission, will map and assess the state of ecosystems and their services in their national territory by 2014, assess the economic value of such services, and promote the integration of these values into accounting and reporting systems at EU and national level by 2020”.

The territorial planning and the management of urban surfaces force the decrease of green spaces in urban landscapes. As the urbanization process during past decades of the last century was quite intensive not only in Europe but also in Lithuania, findings describing changes of forest cover as well as spatial structure of the forest land are requested.

The article considers the reform of the economy of Uzbekistan and the formation of market–based management mechanisms. Also, it is covering various spheres of life and the activities of society. In addition to these processes, land relations are also involved in these processes, which occupy an important place in any economic system, land resources, as natural potential, are the necessary natural basis for any material production, and in agriculture and forestry — the main means of production.

The paper presents the problematic of the merge and exchange processes of land under the following programmes of agricultural land consolidation. By consolidating of land, there was activity for better creation of rural space in order to achieve comprehensive improvement of conditions for farming. According to the Act (1982) there were taken activities to shape the structure of the area, the rational design of land distribution, adjust the boundaries of the property to the system of water management facilities, construction of roads and terrain.