The present Report is motivated by the
coming together o f three widespread perceptions about
inequality, two somewhat newer and one long-standing. The
two newer ones are; (i) that inequality may matter for the
country's economic development, and (ii) that public
policy can and should do something about it. The old
perception, which is well borne out b y the facts, is that
Brazil occupies a position o f very high inequality in the

This report provides recommendations on
how to better manage ongoing changes in livestock
development. First, it presents an overview of the main
trends that can be expected to drive the sector over the
next decades. Second it discusses the negative or positive
social, environmental, and health repercussions of those
trends, and the institutional, policy, and technical
requirements needed to manage them. It concludes with a

This book talks about participation,
from the first to the last page. And that is its strength,
for participation is a road leading to democracy. The true
participation it talks about does not rely on hours of
compulsory labor or imposed levies; there is nothing forced
about it. Rather, it is a process in which men and women
engage their will, their sense of responsibility, their
abilities, their dignity. It is a vital participation,

What drives growth at the microeconomic
level? The authors divide the factors that determine a
location's growth performance into two groups,
"1st advantage" and "2nd advantage." The
term 1st advantage refers to the conditions that provide the
environment in which new activities can be profitably
developed, including most of the factors on which
traditional theory has focused, such as access to inputs

The Conflict Analysis Framework (CAF),
developed by the CPR Unit, aims to integrate sensitivity to
conflict in Bank assistance, and to help Bank teams consider
factors affecting both conflict and poverty when formulating
development strategies, policies, and programs. Conflict
sensitive approaches that take account of problem areas and
potential sources of conflict may help to prevent the onset,
exacerbation, or resurgence of violent conflict.

The paper analyzes the linkages between the reform strategies in transition countries and
economic performance. We focus on agriculture because of the sharpness of the policy
changes, fundamental differences among countries, and relative simplicity of agricultural
relationships. We document post reform performance in the transition countries of Asia and
Europe. We show how: a.) pricing reform and subsidy reductions; b.) land rights reform
and policies that affect farm restructuring; and c.) the presence institutions that facilitate

World Bank demographic and country
characteristic statistics identify 16 small landlocked
countries that are similar to Lesotho. The authors attempt
to determine what useful policy information can be derived
from the recent trade performance of these
"comparators." Among questions they pose are
whether the trade profiles of the comparators suggest
potentially promising export ventures for Lesotho, do they

The performance of the East Asian
transition economies in export and income growth has been
strikingly better than that of countries in Eastern Europe
and the former Soviet Union. The East Asian economies have
achieved remarkably high growth rates in outputs and exports
without the often large declines in output and exports
observed in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. East
Asian reformers have successfully made many of the parallel

LPI Goal 

The principle goal of the LPI is “to assist member states in the implementation of the AU Declaration on land Issues and challenges in Africa, in accordance with the Framework and Guidelines on Land Policy in Africa, in order to achieve socio-economic development, peace and security, and environmental sustainability” 

Land issues are causing increasing concern to governments, the private sector, farmers’ organizations and civil society organizations in Central Africa, and the same applies for development partners working in this region.

The paper highlights the fast changes in understanding and conceptualizing the complex topic of land governance, its multi-facetted aspects and inter-linkages to other thematic sectors. Major policy developments, such as state divestiture and increasing private investment into land, and a stronger and more influential role of Civil Society Organizations are addressed in more detail. Capacity development at all levels (e. g. academic, administrative, community, private investors) is identified to be essential for good and transparent governance in the sector.

VFI has been working in Cambodia for 7 years now. Our ECOSORN Project aims to provide water supply and sanitation facilities, and to improve sustainability by introducing appropriate technologies for villagers. 



We operate this project in 3 provinces, 14 districts, 36 communes, 78 villages in the most remote parts of Battambang, Banteay Meanchey and Siem Reap Provinces. Our project goal is to build 6,000 latrines; 110 water wells; 1,000 water storage jars; and 5 large ponds